模拟地下CO<sub>2</sub>泄漏对土壤微生物群落的短期影响

张旺园; 张绍良; 陈浮; 侯湖平; 冯启言; 马静

文章摘要

张旺园,张绍良,陈浮,侯湖平,冯启言,马静.模拟地下CO₂泄漏对土壤微生物群落的短期影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(6):1167-1176.

模拟地下CO₂泄漏对土壤微生物群落的短期影响

Short-term effects of simulated underground CO₂ leakage on the soil microbial community

投稿时间：2016-12-06

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-1559

中文关键词: 地质封存CO₂泄漏模拟试验土壤微生物群落理化性质酶活性

英文关键词: CO₂ geological storage leakage simulation experiment soil microbial community physicochemical properties enzyme activity

基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题（2012BAC24B05）；江苏省煤基CO₂捕集与地质储存重点实验室开放基金项目（2015A01，2015B02）

作者	单位	E-mail
张旺园	中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221043
张绍良	中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221043
陈浮	中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221043 中国矿业大学低碳能源研究院, 江苏省煤基 CO₂捕集与地质储存重点实验室, 江苏徐州 221008
侯湖平	中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221043
冯启言	中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221043
马静	中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221043 中国矿业大学低碳能源研究院, 江苏省煤基 CO₂捕集与地质储存重点实验室, 江苏徐州 221008	jingma2013@cumt.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

为研究地质封存CO₂泄漏对土壤微生物的影响，以徐州市褐潮土为研究对象，利用减压阀和可调节流量计控制CO₂的通入，模拟地质封存CO₂泄漏，测定CO₂通气处理前后的土壤理化性质、酶活性以及微生物群落多样性。结果表明：土壤CO₂浓度的增加使土壤pH值降低，最大变化幅度为8.15降至7.29；硝态氮平均含量从通气前的1.01 mg·kg^-1上升至4.03 mg·kg^-1，有机质和有效磷含量变化明显。土壤CO₂浓度的增加抑制了FDA水解酶的活性，各组平均含量从22.69 mg·kg^-1·h^-1下降至11.25 mg·kg^-1·h^-1，多酚氧化酶活性上升幅度达230%，脲酶活性也表现为上升趋势。土壤CO₂浓度的增加导致Alpha多样性降低，表现为Chao1指数减小，Shannon指数从7.35降低至6.23.在确定种类的微生物中，变形菌门丰度迅速增大，比例从29%增至64%，酸杆菌门比例从20%降至13.25%；在属水平上，Methylophilus、Methylobacillus、Methylovorus三属丰度增大，Gp4、Gp6、Gp7丰度减小，其余菌属变化不明显。CCA分析结果表明，在土壤CO₂浓度增加条件下，硝态氮、脲酶、多酚氧化酶活性的增加，FDA水解酶活性、全磷、有效磷的减少与变形菌门、酸杆菌门物种丰度变化之间存在相关性。

英文摘要:

The technology of CO₂ Capture and Storage(CCS) has provided a new option for mitigating global anthropogenic CO₂ emissions with its unique advantages. The potential risk of gas leakage from CO₂ sequestration and utilization processes has been attracting a large amount of attention. In addition, the resulting threat to soil ecosystems cannot be ignored. In this paper, a simulation experiment was designed to investigate the effects of CO₂ geological storage leakage on the soil microbial consortia, with fluvo-aquic soil as the research subject. A pressure relief valve and an adjustable flow meter were used to control the amount of CO₂ injected into the soil during the experiment. By comparing soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, and microbial community diversity before and after stress treatments of different CO₂ concentrations, some interesting results were obtained. The increase of soil CO₂ concentration decreased the soil pH, and the maximum variation amplitude ranged from 8.15 to 7.29. Nitrate nitrogen average content varied from 1.01 mg·kg^-1 to 4.03 mg·kg^-1, whereas, both Olsen-phosphorus and organic matter contents changed significantly. The increase of soil CO₂ concentration inhibited the activity of fluorescein diacetate(FDA) hydrolytic enzyme, with the average content varying from 22.69 mg·kg^-1·h^-1 to 11.25 mg·kg^-1·h^-1, whereas the activity of polyphenol oxidase enzyme increased by 230%. The urease activity also increased. The increase of soil CO₂ concentration decreased the alpha diversity of the soil microbial community. The Chao1 index decreased and the Shannon index reduced from 7.35 to 6.23. Of the identified microorganisms, the abundance of Proteobacteria increased rapidly, with the proportion rising from 29% to 64%. However, the proportion of Acidobacteria decreased from 20% to 13.25%. On the genus level, the abundances of Methylophilus, Methylobacillus, and Methylovorus increased, whereas the abundances of Gp4, Gp6, and Gp7 decreased. Moreover, the abundances of other genera did not show obvious changes. The canonical correspondence analysis results showed that there was a correlation between the abundance variations of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria and the increasing nitrate nitrogen, urease and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities, as well as the decreasing FDA hydrolytic enzyme activity and Olsen-phosphorus and total phosphorus contents. These results might be useful for evaluating the risk of potential CO₂ leakages on the ecosystems associated with CCS processes.

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