文章摘要
朱坚,纪雄辉,田发祥,吴家梅,刘昭兵,彭华,柳赛花,官迪,谢运河.典型双季稻田施磷流失风险及阈值研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(7):1425-1433.
典型双季稻田施磷流失风险及阈值研究
Research on P loss risk and threshold value in typical double-cropping rice field
投稿时间:2017-03-12  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2017-0314
中文关键词: 磷素  流失  阈值  双季稻
英文关键词: phosphorus  loss  threshold  double-cropping rice
基金项目:湖南省重点研发计划项目(2016JC2028)
作者单位E-mail
朱坚 中南大学研究生院隆平分院, 长沙 410125
湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125 
 
纪雄辉 湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125 1546861600@qq.com 
田发祥 湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125  
吴家梅 湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125  
刘昭兵 湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125  
彭华 中南大学研究生院隆平分院, 长沙 410125
湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125 
 
柳赛花 湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125  
官迪 湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125  
谢运河 湖南省农业科学院/农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室/农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125  
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中文摘要:
      通过3年(2011-2013年)的双季稻田间小区试验,探明了不同施磷量对双季稻产量、土壤磷素积累、磷素流失风险的影响,并确定了土壤收支平衡的施磷阈值。研究结果表明:连续3年不同施磷量处理水稻早、晚季产量为5474~5552 kg·hm-2和 7096~7521 kg·hm-2,过量施用磷肥对水稻产量无显著增产效果,反而有减产的风险。施用磷肥后,土壤Olsen-P含量显著提高。田面水TP平均浓度与土壤中Olsen-P呈显著正相关关系;施磷后田面水磷素动态能用指数模型(Y=C0·ek/tk > 0)拟合,即随着磷肥施用量增加,田面水磷素流失风险增加。结合水稻产量效应、土壤磷素表观平衡和磷素环境风险,推荐研究区域早、晚稻施磷阈值分别为(48.53±7.07) kg P2O5 ·hm-2和(56.87±7.90) kg P2O5·hm-2
英文摘要:
      Effects of different rates of phosphorus (P) application on the grain yield,soil P accumulation,and risk of P loss through surface runoff were studied in double-cropping rice fields to determine the threshold values of the optimal P fertilizer application rates,using the field plot experiments during 2011-2013.The results showed that average yields of the early and late rice were 5474~5552 kg·hm-2 and 7096~7521 kg·hm-2 during the 3-year observation period,respectively,and excessive P fertilizer application did not significantly increase the rice yields,but in fact increased the risk of yield reduction.P fertilizer application significantly increased soil Olsen-P contents.The average total-P (TP) concentrations in the surface water of rice fields showed a significantly linear relationship with the soil Olsen-P contents.The dynamics of P concentrations could be simulated using the exponential model (Y=C0·ek/t,k > 0),suggesting that the risk of P loss through surface runoff would elevate with the increasing P fertilizer application rates.Considering the effects of P fertilizer application on rice yields,soil P surplus,and environmental risk of P loss,the recommended threshold for the optimal P fertilizer application rates were estimated to be (48.53±7.07) kg P2O5·hm-2 and (56.87±7.90) kg P2O5·hm-2 for the early and late rice,respectively,in southern China.
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