| 朱丹丹,周启星.功能纳米材料在重金属污染水体修复中的应用研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(8):1551-1564. |
| 功能纳米材料在重金属污染水体修复中的应用研究进展 |
| A review on the removal of heavy metals from water using nanomaterials |
| 投稿时间：2017-11-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1581 |
| 中文关键词: 纳米材料 重金属 修复 水体 |
| 英文关键词: nanomaterials heavy metals remediation water |
| 基金项目:教育部"创新团队发展计划"项目后续支持；国家自然科学基金面上项目（21677080） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2500 |
| 全文下载次数: 2815 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 重金属污染对水体生态和人体健康会造成严重危害，通过纳米材料来去除重金属是一个简单便捷的方法，受到了广泛的关注以及研究。本文主要综述了纳米零价铁、铁氧化物、硫化铁、碳纳米管、石墨烯、锰氧化物、铝氧化物、二氧化钛、聚合物纳米材料和壳聚糖纳米材料等几种纳米材料对水中重金属污染修复研究进展。对它们去除重金属的机理也进行了探讨，纳米材料对重金属的去除机理主要包括物理吸附、化学吸附、氧化还原、光催化还原以及共沉淀等。并通过表格的形式对它们的优缺点、机理以及改进方法进行了总结归纳。同时，本文对影响重金属去除的几个因素（溶液pH值、重金属浓度、吸附时间、温度、纳米材料性能、离子强度以及共离子影响）进行了归纳总结。最后，对未来纳米材料在修复重金属方面的研究进行了展望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the rapid development of industrialization, numerous types of heavy metals enter the environment, leading to many environmental and health problems. Nanomaterials, which offer a simple, low-cost and efficient way to remove heavy metals, have been focused and studied widely in recent years. In this review, the applications of nano zero-valent iron, iron oxides, iron sulfides, carbon nanotubes, graphene, manganese oxides, aluminum oxides, titanium dioxides, polymer nanomaterials and chitosan nanomaterials in remediation of contaminated water were comprehensively summarized. Secondly, the mechanisms of heavy metal ions removed by nanomaterials, such as adsorption (physical adsorption and chemisorption), redox mechanism, photocatalytic reduction and precipitation were discussed. Furthermore, the research status, advantages and disadvantages of nanomaterials through listing tables were systematically introduced and some influencing factors involved in solution pH, metal concentrations, time, temperature, nanomaterial property, and ion strength were analyzed. Finally, the prospect of nanomaterials on the removal of heavy metals was considered. It is proposed, that in the future, the research of nanomaterials should focus on the development of low-cost, simpler and higher efficiency materials for the removal of heavy metals, with an established use standard. Additionally, the joint adsorption of different pollutants, and joint remediation of different methods is another major direction to consider in the future. |
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