| 邓闻杨,罗学刚,罗蓝,王焯.三种微生物对铀胁迫下凤眼莲荧光生理及铀累积特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(8):1626-1633. |
| 三种微生物对铀胁迫下凤眼莲荧光生理及铀累积特性的影响 |
| Effects of three microorganisms on fluorescence physiology and accumulative characteristics of Eichhornia crassipes under uranium stress |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-30 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0417 |
| 中文关键词: 凤眼莲 微生物 铀(U) 荧光生理 累积特征 |
| 英文关键词: Eichhornia crassipes microorganisms uranium fluorescent physiology accumulative characteristics |
| 基金项目:国防基础科研计划项目（16ZG6101，JCKY2016404C002）；西南科技大学研究生创新基金项目（17ycx093） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究微生物对植物修复铀（U）污染效果的影响，获得更好的放射性重金属生物修复模式。通过大棚水培实验，研究了3种微生物（枯草芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌和黑曲霉）在不同U浓度下（0、5、15、25 mg·L-1）对凤眼莲生物量、荧光生理特性及U富集特征的影响。结果表明：在U胁迫下，3种微生物对凤眼莲均有促生作用。在U浓度为25 mg·L-1时，枯草芽孢杆菌可使凤眼莲根系干质量增长34.8%，胶质芽孢杆菌使凤眼莲茎叶干质量增长60.5%。黑曲霉对凤眼莲的3种抗氧化酶活性有抑制作用，而枯草芽孢杆菌和胶质芽孢杆菌则对它们有促进作用。在实验浓度下，3种微生物对凤眼莲的最大光化学效率（FV/Fm）的影响均有明显提高，但是，光合性能指数（PIabs）与可变荧光强度（Vj）仅在5、15 mg·L-1下有明显上升。实验条件下，3种微生物对凤眼莲富集U均有明显影响，在U浓度为25 mg·L-1的条件下，胶质芽孢杆菌可使凤眼莲根系U富集浓度提高36.6%，枯草芽孢杆菌可使凤眼莲茎叶富集浓度提高14.1%，并且3种微生物对凤眼莲植株的U富集量及富集浓度均有促进作用，其中胶质芽孢杆菌对U富集量提高最为明显（51.8%）。枯草芽孢杆菌能明显提高凤眼莲的转移系数（TF），最高为1.192，黑曲霉则对生物富集系数（BCF）提升明显，最高为272.8。在植物根系接种微生物可能会对植物修复过程产生影响，凤眼莲根系接种枯草芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌或黑曲霉可以提高凤眼莲的生物量和U富集能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A greenhouse hydroponics experiment was conducted to explore the influence of microorganisms on the phytoremediation of U pollution and to obtain a better bioremediation model for uranium. The effect of three kinds of microorganism(Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Aspergillus niger)inoculated with different U concentrations(0, 5, 15, 25 mg·L-1)on the biomass, fluorescence physiology, and U enrichment characteristics in Eichhornia crassipes were studied. The results showed that all the three kinds of microorganisms could promote the growth of Eichhornia crassipes under U stress. When the U concentration was 25 mg·L-1, Bacillus subtilis increased the root dry weight of Eichhornia crassipes by 34.8% and Bacillus mucilaginosus increased the dry weight of the stems and leaves by 60.5%. However,Aspergillus niger inhibited the activity of the three antioxidant enzymes of Eichhornia crassipes, while Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus promoted them. All three microorganisms increased the maximum photochemical efficiency(FV/Fm)of Eichhornia crassipes. However, the light and performance index(PIabs)and variable fluorescence intensity(Vj)only obviously increased at 5 mg·L-1 and 15 mg·L-1. Furthermore, under the conditions of the experiment, all three microorganisms had a significant effect on the ability of Eichhornia crassipes to enrich U. When the concentration of U was 25 mg·L-1, Bacillus mucilaginosus increased the enrichment concentration of U in the root of Eichhornia crassipes by 36.6%. Bacillus subtilis increased the U enrichment concentration in the stems and leaves of Eichhornia crassipes by 14.1%. In addition, all three microorganisms facilitated the enrichment amount and concentration of U in Eichhornia crassipes. The most obvious effect was Bacillus mucilaginosus to U enrichment amount, which showed a 51.8% increase. Bacillus subtilis distinctly improved the translocation factor(TF)of Eichhornia crassipes by up to 1.192, while Aspergillus niger increased the bioconcentration factor(BCF)significantly, to a maximum of 272.8. Inoculation with microorganisms in the roots of plants may affect the phytoremediation process. Inoculation with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, or Aspergillus niger in the roots of Eichhornia crassipes can increase its biomass and U enrichment capacity. |
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