| 高文萱,闫建华,杜会英,张克强.土壤nirS、nosZ型反硝化菌群落结构及多样性对牛场肥水灌溉水平的响应[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(5):1089-1100. |
| 土壤nirS、nosZ型反硝化菌群落结构及多样性对牛场肥水灌溉水平的响应 |
| Biological response of soil nirS-and nosZ-type denitrifying bacteria to dairy slurry irrigation in community structure and diversity |
| 投稿时间：2018-07-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0901 |
| 中文关键词: nirS nosZ 反硝化菌 群落结构 牛场肥水灌溉 |
| 英文关键词: nirS nosZ denitrifying bacteria community structure dairy slurry irrigation |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503106） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2165 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以河北徐水县长期定位牛场肥水灌溉试验田为研究对象，采用末端限制性片段多态性分析（T-RFLP）和克隆文库相结合的方法，研究了不同施肥条件下0~20、20~40 cm土层中土壤nirS、nosZ型反硝化细菌群落结构特征变化。结果表明：nirS型反硝化细菌群落结构在0~20、20~40 cm土层中存在垂直分布差异，且0~20 cm土层中nirS群落结构对施肥种类、肥水浓度及灌溉次数不敏感，而20~40 cm土层中nirS群落结构对施肥条件敏感性提高；施肥处理和土层均对nosZ型反硝化细菌的群落结构产生显著影响。nirS、nosZ基因的多样性指数研究显示，施肥条件下nirS基因多样性指数未发生显著变化，但nosZ基因多样性指数有明显不同。相同施氮量（约300 kg·hm-2）的处理下，高浓度肥水灌溉（T5）相比常规施肥处理（CF）能更好地促进两土层中nosZ基因多样性发展。本研究还发现0~20 cm土层中的nirS、nosZ基因多样性指数均低于20~40 cm土层。本研究土壤中nirS型反硝化细菌主要与β-变形菌纲的固氮弧菌属（Azoarcus）、贪铜菌属（Cupriavidus）、红长命菌属（Rubrivivax）和γ-变形菌纲的假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）和Rhodanobacter菌属具有较近的亲缘关系，少部分nirS型反硝化菌属于未知菌。土壤中nosZ型反硝化细菌主要与α-变形菌纲的根瘤菌属（Rhizobium）、β-变形菌纲的伯克氏菌属（Burkholderiales）和产碱杆菌属（Alcaligenes）、γ-变形菌纲的假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）有较近的亲缘关系，少部分nosZ型反硝化菌属于未知菌。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide scientific basis for dairy biogas slurry fertilizer, pilot fields in Xushui (Hebei Province, China) were treated by conventional chemical fertilizer and dairy biogas slurry with diverse concentration and frequency, for 2 years. Soil chemical properties in different soil layers were measured and the bacteria community structures of nirS-and nosZ-denitrifying bacteria were analyzed through Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP). The results indicated that the community structure of nirS-and nosZ-denitrifying bacteria were sensitive to the frequency and concentration of the applied dairy biogas slurry, except that of nirS-denitrifying bacteria in the soil of 0~20 cm. The community structures of both nirS-and nosZ-denitrifying bacteria showed significant differences in vertical distribution. Based on the T-RFLP data, three diversity indexes, namely, the Shannon-Wiener H', the Simpson D,and the Pielou E were calculated. The data indicated that different biogas slurry treatments impacted little on the diversity of nirS-denitrifiers, but had effect on the diversity of nosZ-denitrifiers. With the same N-input amount (300 kg·hm-2), high concentration of dairy slurry treatment (T5) resulted in significant higher diversity index for nosZ-denitrifiers than conventional fertilizer (CF) did. The experimental results also suggested that most of the community diversity indexes of nirS-and nosZ-denitrifying bacteria were higher in the soil of 20~40 cm than those in the soil of 0~20 cm. In this study, the community of nirS-denitrifying bacteria mainly consisted of organisms close to Azoarcus, Cupriavidus, Rubrivivax, Pseudomonas and Rhodanobacter in Betaproteobacteria, while the community of nosZ-denitrifying bacteria mainly consisted of organisms close to Rhizobium, Burkholderiales, Alcaligenes and Pseudomonas in Alphaproteobacteria, and a small part belonged to unclassified organism. |
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