| 王天杰,苏丹,李雪,普聿,王鑫.丝瓜络固定化微生物对土壤多环芳烃吸附-降解作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(1):108-117. |
| 丝瓜络固定化微生物对土壤多环芳烃吸附-降解作用 |
| Adsorption-degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil by immobilized microorganisms in loofah |
| 投稿时间：2019-08-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-0875 |
| 中文关键词: 微生物 固定化 多环芳烃 吸附 降解 |
| 英文关键词: microorganisms immobilization PAHs adsorption degradation |
| 基金项目:辽宁省自然科学基金项目（20180550587，20180550756）；国家自然科学基金项目（41501346）；国家重大水专项子课题（2013ZX07202-007-004） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp.SDR4，简称S4）、毛霉真菌（Mucormucedo sp.SDR1，简称S1）为研究对象，采用微生物固定化技术，研究了其对土壤多环芳烃的吸附和降解动力学，并探讨了固定化微生物对土壤多环芳烃的吸附机理及吸附降解关系。结果表明：试验60 d，改性丝瓜络（CK）、死体固定化S1（S1-D）、死体固定化S4（S4-D）、死体固定化S1与S4混合菌（S1+S4-D）对菲（Phe）的动态平衡吸附量分别为5.28、6.82、5.73、7.46 μg，对芘（Pyr）的动态平衡吸附量分别为4.17、4.72、4.53、5.00 μg，死体固定化微生物对Phe与Pyr的吸附过程均服从于准二级动力学；活体真菌S1、细菌S4、混合菌S1+S4对Phe的动态吸附量分别为2.32、2.01、2.76 μg，对Pyr的动态吸附量分别为2.79、2.41、3.14 μg，活体固定化微生物对土壤中Phe与Pyr的准一级动力学与准二级动力学拟合结果R2相差较小；S1、S4、S1+S4对Phe的降解率分别为54.34%、61.45%、64.23%，对Pyr的降解率分别为38.42%、35.02%、42.43%；经S1、S4、S1+S4处理后，Phe的降解半衰期分别为38.88、29.41、25.63 d，Pyr的降解半衰期分别为64.76、69.02、59.28 d。研究表明，化学作用是控制丝瓜络固定化微生物对多环芳烃吸附速率的主要因素；提高微生物的降解能力能增加对土壤中PAHs迁移的影响；混合菌中真菌与细菌存在协同作用，能提高Phe与Pyr的降解效率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To fully understand the bioadsorption-degradation behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) during bioremediation, Pseudomonas sp.SDR4(S4) and Mucormucedo sp.SDR1(S1) were used as research objects to study the adsorption and degradation of PAHs in soil by immobilized microorganisms. The adsorption mechanism, degradation kinetics, and relations between adsorption and degradation of the immobilized microorganisms to PAHs in soil were examined. The results showed that after 60 d, the dynamic equilibrium adsorption of modified loofah(CK), dead immobilized S1(S1-D), dead immobilized S4(S4-D), and dead immobilized mixed bacteria S1 and S4(S1+S4-D) to phenanthrene(Phe) was 5.28, 6.82, 5.73, and 7.46 μg, respectively, and the dynamic equilibrium adsorption of pyrene (Pyr) was 4.17, 4.72, 4.53, and 5.00 μg, respectively. The adsorption of dead immobilized microorganisms to Phe and Pyr was subject to quasi-second-order dynamics. The dynamic adsorption capacities of living fungi S1, bacteria S4, and mixed bacteria S1+S4 to Phe were 2.32, 2.01, and 2.76 μg, respectively, and the dynamic adsorption amount of Pyr was 2.79, 2.41, and 3.14 μg, respectively. Quasi-first and quasi-second-order kinetics of Phe and Pyr adsorbed by living immobilized microorganisms in soil showed little difference in R2 fitting results. The degradation rates of S1, S4, and S1+S4 to Phe were 54.34%, 61.45%, and 64.23% respectively, and the degradation rates of Pyr were 38.42%, 35.02%, and 42.43%, respectively. Following treatment with S1, S4, and S1+S4, the half-lives of the degradation of Phe were 38.88, 29.41, and 25.63 d, respectively. The half-lives of the degradation of Pyr were 64.76, 69.02, and 59.28 d, respectively. The research shows that chemical action is the main factor that controls the adsorption rates of immobilized microorganisms of loofah to PAHs. The enhanced degradation ability of microorganisms can increase the influence on the migration of PAHs in soil. The synergistic effect between fungi and bacteria can improve the degradation efficiency of Phe and Pyr. |
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