| 郭晓方,韩玮,赵国慧,张桂香,何秋生.混合淋洗剂对污染土壤中重金属的去除及植物生长的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(7):1486-1493. |
| 混合淋洗剂对污染土壤中重金属的去除及植物生长的影响 |
| Effects of mixed chelators on the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil and on the growth of plants |
| 投稿时间：2020-02-02 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0116 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤淋洗 重金属污染土壤 混合试剂 玉米 小白菜 |
| 英文关键词: soil washing multi-heavy metal contaminated soil mixed chelators maize Chinese cabbage |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41401584） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1555 |
| 全文下载次数: 1755 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以重金属污染水稻田土壤为研究对象，采用盆栽试验，研究EDTA和混合试剂（EDTA、GLDA、柠檬酸）7次淋洗后土壤理化性质、重金属含量、赋存形态等的变化，并在淋洗后的土壤中种植三季作物。通过分析各季作物生物量以及地上部和地下部重金属含量，评价其农用价值，以期达到多种重金属污染农田土壤的修复及安全农用目的。结果表明：与EDTA处理相比，混合试剂（MC）对土壤中Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn也有较好的去除率，分别为44.30%、28.78%、26.44%和11.49%，且第二次淋洗土壤中重金属去除率最高；此后重金属的去除率随着淋洗次数的增加持续降低。淋洗处理降低了小白菜生物量，提高了小白菜地上部和地下部重金属含量。与对照相比，淋洗处理玉米的生物量差异不显著，然而玉米地上部Cd、Pb和Zn含量显著降低，所有处理两季玉米地上部重金属含量均低于国家饲料卫生标准。研究表明，与EDTA处理相比，MC处理土壤重金属乙酸铵提取态含量较低，对植物生长影响较小，是一种修复多种重金属污染土壤的较为温和的淋洗剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Soil washing is an effective technology for the remediation of multi-metal-contaminated soil. This study investigated the changes in physicochemical properties, the concentration and fractions of heavy metals in the paddy field contaminated soil after using EDTA or mixed chelator(EDTA, GLDA, citric acid)washing. Subsequently, three types of crops were planted in the washed soil. The agricultural value of washed soil were evaluated by measuring the plant biomass and metal concentrations in the root and shoot of plants. The results indicated that the removal rates of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in soil by mixed chelator(MC)washing were 44.30%, 28.78%, 26.44% and 11.49%, respectively. The highest removal rate of heavy metals was obtained at the time of second washing. Thereafter, the removal rate decreased with the increase in washing times. Biomass of Chinese cabbage decreased in the washed soil, and the heavy metal concentrations in the Chinese cabbage increased in the washed soil. This suggested that the risk of heavy metals in the washed soil was high in vegetables such as Chinese cabbage. In comparison with the control, biomass of maize did not decrease, however, the concentration of Cd, Pb, and Zn in maize were significantly decreased in the washed soil. Moreover, shoots of the maize were safe for use in feed production. The available heavy metal contents in the MC-washed soil were lower than those in the EDTA-washed soil and had a low impact on the growth of the plant. Therefore, the MC is a useful and environmentally friendly chelator to remediate multi-metal-contaminated soil. |
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