文章摘要
宋凤敏,岳晓丽,刘智峰,葛红光,李琛,赵佐平.汉江上游水体表层沉积物重金属污染特征评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(7):1576-1584.
汉江上游水体表层沉积物重金属污染特征评价
Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of the upper Hanjiang River, China
投稿时间:2020-02-10  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2020-0143
中文关键词: 沉积物  重金属  污染评价  汉江上游
英文关键词: sediment  heavy metal  pollution assessment  the upper Hanjiang River
基金项目:陕西省自然科学基础研究基金面上项目(2018JM4028);陕西省教育厅科研专项(18JK0171,19JS012);陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心项目(QBXT-Z(P)-18-2)
作者单位
宋凤敏 陕西理工大学化学与环境科学学院, 陕西 汉中 723001
陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心, 陕西 汉中 723001 
岳晓丽 四川美术学院公共美术学院, 重庆 401331 
刘智峰 陕西理工大学化学与环境科学学院, 陕西 汉中 723001
陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心, 陕西 汉中 723001 
葛红光 陕西理工大学化学与环境科学学院, 陕西 汉中 723001
陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心, 陕西 汉中 723001 
李琛 陕西理工大学化学与环境科学学院, 陕西 汉中 723001
陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心, 陕西 汉中 723001 
赵佐平 陕西理工大学化学与环境科学学院, 陕西 汉中 723001
陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心, 陕西 汉中 723001 
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中文摘要:
      为了探明汉江上游干流水体沉积物重金属污染特征及来源,分析了汉江上游干流33个样点沉积物样品中Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、As、Cr和Ni 7种重金属含量及分布特征,并运用地累积指数法(Igeo)和污染负荷指数法(PLI)评价沉积物中重金属的潜在生态风险。结果表明:汉江上游干流水体表层沉积物中Cd含量超标较严重,有15个样点含量超过土壤重金属的风险筛选值(0.3 mg·kg-1),占总数的45.45%,其余6种金属:Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Cr和Ni所有样点含量均低于风险筛选值。由地累积指数法和污染负荷指数法评价可知:Cd是污染最严重的重金属,达到极强污染水平,Cu、Ni和Cr为中等污染水平,Pb、Zn和As为无污染,汉江上游沉积物重金属的综合污染指数为0.79,属于无污染等级。相关性分析和主成分分析表明,Cu、As和Cr来源于本身岩石构成,Pb、Zn和Cd主要来源于矿产开发和冶炼活动,Ni的存在既有本身区域矿物质影响存在,也有区域人为活动的贡献。汉江上游沉积物重金属总体生态污染风险较小,但不能忽视Cd的潜在污染风险。
英文摘要:
      In order to investigate the pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals, the concentrations and spatial variation characteristics of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Cr, and Ni from 33 surface sediment samples of the upper Hanjiang River were discussed. Meanwhile, the potential ecological risks were evaluated using the geo-accumulation index(Igeo)and pollution load index(PLI). The results showed in the surface sediments Cd pollution was the most serious, with 15 sample points which were exceeded the risk screening values of heavy metals in soil,accounting for 45.45% of the total samples,while there were no sample points which exceeded the risk screening values for Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Cr and Ni. According to the Igeo, Cd was the most serious pollutant among the seven types of metals, reaching the high pollution level, followed by Cu, Ni, and Cr at medium pollution levels and Pb, Zn, and As at the pollution-free level. According to the PLI, the comprehensive pollution index of the heavy metals in the surface sediments of the upper Hanjiang River was 0.79, which belonged to the pollution-free level. Correlation and principal component analyses indicated that As, Cu, and Cr mainly originated from natural sources; Pb, Zn, and Cd mainly originated from mineral exploitation activities and mineral-smelting sources; and Ni originated from a combination of these sources. There was a low ecological pollution risk of heavy metals in the surface sediments of the upper Hanjiang River, but the potential pollution risk of Cd cannot be ignored.
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