| 曾庆庆,付天岭,邹洪琴,滕浪,吴康,谢挺,何腾兵.贵州省某县辣椒种植区土壤重金属空间分布特征及来源解析[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(1):102-113. |
| 贵州省某县辣椒种植区土壤重金属空间分布特征及来源解析 |
| Spatial distribution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in soil in a pepper growing area of county in Guizhou Province, China |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0665 |
| 中文关键词: 辣椒 土壤重金属 PMF模型 源解析 |
| 英文关键词: pepper soil heavy metals positive matrix factorization(PMF) source analysis |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目（U1612442）；贵州省科技厅基础条件平台建设项目（黔科合平台人才[2019]5701号） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 曾庆庆 | 贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025
贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室, 贵阳 550025
遵义市农业科学研究院, 贵州 遵义 563100 | | | 付天岭 | 贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室, 贵阳 550025
贵州大学新农村发展研究院, 贵阳 550025 | | | 邹洪琴 | 贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025 | | | 滕浪 | 贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025
贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室, 贵阳 550025 | | | 吴康 | 遵义市农业科学研究院, 贵州 遵义 563100 | | | 谢挺 | 遵义市播州区农业农村局, 贵州 遵义 563100 | | | 何腾兵 | 贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025
贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室, 贵阳 550025
贵州大学新农村发展研究院, 贵阳 550025 | hetengbing@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探讨贵州省某县辣椒种植区土壤重金属来源，采用4 km×4 km的网格采集了108个土壤样品，运用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）和原子荧光光谱仪（AFS）测定土壤中Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni元素含量，通过正定矩阵因子分析模型（PMF）解析土壤中8种重金属的污染来源。结果表明：辣椒种植区土壤大部分重金属含量相对贵州省土壤背景值已存在一定程度的富集，大部分土壤中Cd含量超过农用地土壤污染风险筛选值，且8个重金属在研究区的分布差异较大，Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Ni的高含量区主要分布在研究区的东部；Pb的高含量区较为零散，没有明显集中分布区；Cu、Zn的高含量区主要分布于西南部。PMF模型解析出5个贡献源，工业源、自然源、交通源、大气沉降源及混合源。其中，Cd的污染来源较为复杂，有自然背景、农业活动、工业活动等；Hg的主要来源是大气沉降；As的污染来源主要是工业活动；Pb、Zn的污染来源主要是交通活动；Cr、Cu、Ni的主要来源是自然背景，其中部分Zn还可能来源于交通活动。辣椒种植区存在Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Ni污染风险，辣椒产业布局应考虑交通、工业等活动对土壤表层重金属的影响，减少污染源、降低污染物排放量；同时也要合理的施用化肥、农药，以保障辣椒的安全生产。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 108 soil samples in a 4 km×4 km grid was collected to explore the sources of soil heavy metals in a chili pepper plantation in Guizhou Province. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy were used to determine the Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni levels in soil, and a positive definite matrix factor analysis(PMF)model was used to analyze their respective pollution sources. The results showed that most of the heavy metals content in the pepper soil was enriched to a certain extent relative to the background values in Guizhou Province. Soil Cd levels exceeded the risk screening value for soil contamination on agricultural land, and the distribution of the eight heavy metals in the study area varied widely. Areas with high Cd, Hg, As, Cr, and Ni content were mainly located in the eastern part of the study area; areas with high Pb content were more scattered, with no significant regions of concentration; and areas with high Cu and Zn content were mainly in the southwest. The PMF model identified the five sources of Cd as industrial, natural, traffic, atmospheric deposition, and mixed sources. Among these, the pollution sources of Cd were more complex, including natural background, agricultural activities, and industrial activities. The pollution sources of Hg and As were complex, including mainly industrial activities. Sources of Pb and Zn pollution were mainly traffic activities and those of Cr, Cu, and Ni were mainly the natural background. Some of the Zn might also originate from traffic activities. There was a risk of Cd, Hg, As, Cu, and Ni contamination in the pepper growing area. The layout of the pepper industry in the future should consider traffic and the impact of industrial and other activities on heavy metals in the soil surface layer to reduce the source of pollution and lower pollutant emissions. In addition, the application of fertilizers and pesticides should be rational to ensure the safe production of peppers. |
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