文章摘要
刘鸿涛,郑纪勇,李高亮,马章怀,杨凯齐.晋陕蒙露天煤矿排土场土壤团聚体的变化特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(1):137-143.
晋陕蒙露天煤矿排土场土壤团聚体的变化特征
Characteristics of soil aggregates in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Monglia opencast coal dump, China
投稿时间:2020-05-19  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2020-0567
中文关键词: 水稳定性团聚体  平均质量直径  几何平均质量直径  分形维数  土壤有机质含量
英文关键词: water-stable aggregates  mean weight diameter  geometric mean weight diameter  fractal dimension  soil organic matter content
基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504504,2016YFC0501702);国家自然科学基金项目(41571225)
作者单位E-mail
刘鸿涛 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
郑纪勇 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀和旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 
zhjy@ms.iswc.ac.cn 
李高亮 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀和旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
马章怀 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
杨凯齐 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
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中文摘要:
      为了探究风化煤和砒砂岩添加对晋陕蒙矿区排土场土壤团聚体特征的影响,在晋陕蒙矿区建立了沙黄土(L)、沙黄土+砒砂岩(LS)、沙黄土+风化煤(LW)和沙黄土+风化煤+砒砂岩(LSW) 4种新构土体。4年后通过干筛法和湿筛法测定土壤团聚体组成,分析了新构土壤的团聚体组成及其稳定性。结果表明:在沙黄土中添加砒砂岩和风化煤能够增加力稳性团聚体中<0.25 mm的含量,提高水稳性团聚体土壤粒径的平均质量直径与几何平均质量直径,减小土壤分形维数,分别达到0.843、0.751 mm和2.803。LSW具有最高的有机质含量(21.45 g·kg-1)和水稳性团聚体数量(60.41%),团聚体破损率(30.85%)达到最低。相关分析结果表明,在晋陕蒙矿区排土场沙黄土中添加风化煤与砒砂岩可以改善土壤结构,提高土壤有机质含量,增加土壤结构稳定性。而单独添加风化煤后,虽然大团聚体含量显著增加,但是却降低了土壤稳定性。研究阐明了添加风化煤和砒砂岩对矿区新构排土场土壤团聚体的影响,对土壤质地恢复和水土保持具有积极意义。
英文摘要:
      In order to explore how the characteristics of new soil aggregates are affected by weathered coal and soft rock, four new soil masses were established in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Monglia mining area:sandy loess, sandy loess mixed with soft rock, sandy loess mixed with weathered coal, and sandy loess mixed with soft rock and weathered coal. After 4 years, the composition of soil aggregates was measured by dry and wet sieve methods, and analyzed the aggregate composition and stability of the new soil mass. Results showed that soft rock and weathered coal mixed with the sand could increase the content of < 0.25 mm air-dried stable aggregates. This combination also increased the mean weight diameter and geometric mean weight diameter, but decreased the fractal dimension to 0.843, 0.751 mm, and 2.803, respectively. In addition, organic matter content and water-stable aggregate percentage of this combination were the largest, reaching 21.45 g·kg-1 and 60.41%, respectively. In addition, it also had the lowest aggregate damage rate of 30.85%. Correlation analysis showed that mixing weathered coal and soft sandstone with the sand increased the organic matter content, improved the soil structure, and strengthened the aggregate. However, mixing weathered coal with the sand increased the compound grain content but decreased the stability of soil. The study illustrates the effects of new soil aggregates on weathering coal and soft sandstone, and brings positive significance to soil texture restoration, and soil and water conservation.
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