文章摘要
李钊,刘帅,丁艳宏,孙文浩,高晓东,赵西宁.不同改良剂对旱地苹果园温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(1):227-236.
不同改良剂对旱地苹果园温室气体排放的影响
Effects of different modifiers on greenhouse gas emissions from dryland apple orchards
投稿时间:2020-07-21  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2020-0846
中文关键词: 旱地果园  土壤改良剂  土壤水分  土壤温度  温室气体
英文关键词: dryland orchard  soil modifiers  soil moisture  soil temperature  greenhouse gas
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400204);国家自然科学基金项目(41771316);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020ZDLNY07-04)
作者单位E-mail
李钊 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 
 
刘帅 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 
 
丁艳宏 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 
 
孙文浩 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 
 
高晓东 西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100 
 
赵西宁 西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100 
xiningz@aliyun.com 
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中文摘要:
      为探讨不同土壤改良剂对黄土丘陵区旱地苹果(Malus pumila Mill)园温室气体排放的影响,设置空白对照(CK)、胶质芽孢杆菌(JZ)、枯草芽孢杆菌(KC)及生物炭(BC) 4个处理,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法监测温室气体(CH4、CO2和N2O)排放情况,并综合分析和评价不同土壤改良剂在旱地果园的固碳减排效果。结果表明:试验期内,CK、JZ、KC和BC平均土壤(0~25 cm)温度分别为17.4、17.5、17.7℃和16.9℃;表层(0~20 cm)土壤平均孔隙含水率(WFPS)分别为38.23%、45.66%、38.93%和44.46%,JZ和BC较CK处理显著增加了表层土壤水分(P<0.05)。JZ、KC和BC处理CH4吸收总量较CK处理分别减少15.4%、13.4%和28.4%;3种处理的CO2排放总量较CK处理分别减少0.06%、4.0%和28.8%,N2O排放总量较CK处理分别增加了-6.3%、7.2%和103.1%。整体上,3种改良剂中,生物炭在增加土壤水分含量和N2O排放,并减少CH4吸收和CO2排放方面的综合效果最突出。综合分析土壤水分和温度等环境因子对温室气体排放的影响,土壤温度与3种温室气体排放呈正相关,土壤水分与CO2、N2O排放呈负相关。因此,推荐旱地果园施加生物炭,以达到保水固碳效果。
英文摘要:
      In order to explore the effects of different soil modifiers on greenhouse gas emissions from apple(Malus pumila Mill)dryland orchards in Loess hilly region, we set up four treatments, namely:biochar(BC), Bacillus mucilaginosus(JZ), Bacillus subtilis(KC), and Blank control(CK); monitored greenhouse gas emissions(CH4, CO2, and N2O) using static black box-gas chromatography; and comprehensively analyzed and evaluated different soil modifiers in dryland orchards. Results showed that during the test period, the average soil temperature(0~25 cm)of CK, JZ, KC, and BC were 17.4, 17.5, 17.7℃, and 16.9℃, respectively, and the average water-filled pore space(0~20 cm)were 38.23%, 45.66%, 38.93%, and 44.46%, respectively. Compared to CK, JZ and BC significantly increased surface soil moisture(P<0.05). Compared with that of CK treatment, the total absorption of CH4 in the JZ, KC, and BC treatments were decreased by 15.4%, 13.4%, and 28.4%, respectively. Compared with that of CK treatment, the total amount of CO2 emissions was decreased by 0.06%, 4.0%, and 28.8%, respectively. However, the total N2O emission in JZ, KC, and BC treatments was increased by -6.3%, 7.2%, and 103.1%, respectively, compared to that in CK treatment. Overall, it can be seen that among the three modifiers, biochar has the most outstanding comprehensive effect in increasing soil moisture content and N2O emissions and reducing CH4 absorption and CO2 emissions. Comprehensive analysis of the impact of environmental factors such as soil moisture and temperature on greenhouse gas emissions shows that soil temperature is positively correlated with the three greenhouse gases, while soil moisture is negatively correlated with CO2 and N2O. Therefore, it is recommended to apply biochar to dry orchard to achieve the effect of water retention and carbon fixation.
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