| 周娟,舒小伟,许高平,赖上坤,杨连新,董桂春,王余龙.大气CO2浓度升高对不同品种类型水稻钾素吸收利用的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(4):736-746. |
| 大气CO2浓度升高对不同品种类型水稻钾素吸收利用的影响 |
| Effect of elevated CO2 on potassium absorption and utilization in different rice varieties |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0980 |
| 中文关键词: CO2浓度升高 水稻 品种类型 产量 钾素吸收 钾素利用 |
| 英文关键词: elevated CO2 concentration rice types of varieties grain yield potassium absorption potassium utilization |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31571608）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目，江苏省农业自主创新项目（CX（18）1002）；农业部农业重大技术协同推广计划试点项目（2020-SJ-047-03）；江苏省重点研究计划科技成果转化专项资金项目（BA2016173，202350040）；江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目；张家港市科技计划项目（农业）（ZKN1818） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 周娟 | 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 舒小伟 | 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 许高平 | 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009
天津市农业科学院农作物研究所, 天津 300112 | | | 赖上坤 | 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009
江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所, 江苏 宿迁 223800 | | | 杨连新 | 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 董桂春 | 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 王余龙 | 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | ylwang@yzu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以常规粳稻、杂交籼稻、常规籼稻共6个品种为供试材料，研究FACE（大气CO2浓度增加200 μmol·mol-1）对不同品种类型水稻产量、钾素吸收、钾素利用的影响。结果表明：FACE处理使水稻产量显著提高，平均增加24.17%，常规籼稻增幅最大；FACE处理促进成熟期植株吸钾量和钾素籽粒生产效率的提高，比对照分别增加17.88%和11.80%，前者以杂交籼稻增幅最大，后者以常规籼稻增幅最大，提高吸钾量有利于提高水稻产量；FACE处理使水稻成熟期茎鞘、叶片和植株的含钾率均低于对照，植株含钾率平均降低8.43%，以常规籼稻降幅最大。提高植株含钾率有利于成熟期植株吸钾量的增加；FACE处理使水稻成熟期茎鞘吸钾量和穗吸钾量明显增加，叶片吸钾量略有下降，提高各器官吸钾量均有利于植株吸钾量的增加，茎鞘吸钾量相关程度最大；FACE处理使水稻移栽-分蘖、分蘖-抽穗、抽穗-成熟阶段吸钾量均有所提高，增加移栽-分蘖阶段吸钾量有利于成熟期植株吸钾量的提高；FACE处理有利于钾素向穗和茎鞘中分配，但叶片分配比例明显降低；FACE处理使结实期茎鞘叶钾素运转量降低44.04%，结实期穗部钾素增加量显著增加55.43%，常规籼稻增幅最大。提高结实期茎鞘叶钾素转运量和转运率均利于钾素籽粒生产效率的增加；FACE处理提高了成熟期钾素干物质生产效率、钾素收获指数，但每吨籽粒需钾量有所下降。综上，FACE处理提高了产量、成熟期植株吸钾量、钾素籽粒生产效率、钾素干物质生产效率、茎鞘叶钾素转运量和转运率、收获指数，降低了成熟期植株含钾率、每吨籽粒需钾量，籼稻品种钾素吸收对大气CO2浓度升高的响应高于粳稻品种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the effects of FACE(Free Air CO2 Enrichment:an increase of 200 μmol·mol-1 in the atmospheric CO2 concentration) on the grain yield, and potassium(K) absorption and utilization, FACE treatment experiments were conducted on six rice varieties, including conventional japonica rice, hybrid indica rice, and conventional indica rice. Compared with the control treatment, FACE treatment significantly increased rice yield by 24.17% on average, with the largest increment observed in the conventional indica rice. The K uptake at maturity and use efficiency for grain yield under FACE treatment were promoted by 17.88% and 11.80%, respectively. The maximum increment of K uptake at maturity was observed in the hybrid indica rice, and that of K use efficiency for grain yield was observed in conventional indica rice. The K uptake at maturity was the most important contributor to grain yield. FACE treatment reduced the K content of the rice culm and sheath, leaves and total plant at maturity. The K content of total plants was decreased by an average of 8.43% at maturity, with the largest reduction occurring in the conventional indica rice. The K uptake at maturity was affected by the K content of the rice plant. The K uptake in the culm and sheath and panicle significantly increased, whereas that in the leaf slightly decreased following FACE treatment. The K uptake of each rice organ was important to the K uptake of total plant, with that of the culm and sheath showing greater contribution. FACE treatment promoted K uptake from transplantation to tilling, tilling to heading, and heading to maturity. The total K uptake at maturity was mostly affected by K uptake during transplantation to tilling. FACE treatment promoted the translocation of K to the panicle and culm and sheath, while reducing the translocation to the leaves. FACE treatment reduced the translocation of K to the culm and sheath and leaves by 44.04% at the filling grain stage, and increased the translocation of K to the panicle by 55.43%. The largest translocation to the panicle was found in the conventional indica rice. The K translocation amount and ratio were both beneficial to K use efficiency for grain yield. FACE treatment significantly increased the K use efficiency for dry matter production and K harvest index, while decreasing the K requirement per 1 t grain. In summary, FACE treatment significantly increased the grain yield, K uptake at maturity, K use efficiency for grain yield, K use efficiency for dry matter production, K translocation amount and ratio, and the harvest index, while decreasing the K content at maturity and K requirement per 1 t grain. Taken together, the indica rice varieties were more responsive to the elevated CO2 concentration in the atmosphere than the japonica varieties. |
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