| 杨定清,李霞,周娅,罗丽卉,谢永红,王棚,李旭毅.秸秆还田配施石灰对水稻镉吸收累积的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(6):1150-1158. |
| 秸秆还田配施石灰对水稻镉吸收累积的影响 |
| Effects of straw returning with different lime dosages on Cd accumulation in rice |
| 投稿时间：2020-09-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-1137 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆还田 石灰 水稻 Cd 产量 |
| 英文关键词: straw returning lime rice Cd yield |
| 基金项目:国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目（GJFP2019001）；四川省农业科学院青年基金项目（2018FXCSZX）；四川省科技计划项目（2017NZ0062，2019YFS0506） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 秸秆还田是提升土壤肥力、增加作物产量的重要措施，但存在增加稻米镉（Cd）含量的风险。为探索合理的秸秆资源利用方式，以成都平原稻麦轮作土壤为对象，设置秸秆不还田、秸秆还田及秸秆还田配施4个石灰施用水平（600、1 200、1 800、2 400kg·hm-2）等6个处理，研究秸秆还田配施不同量石灰对水稻Cd吸收累积的影响。结果表明，与秸秆不还田相比，秸秆还田稻米Cd含量提高了18.1%，土壤溶解性有机碳（DOC）含量、有效态Cd含量分别提高了28.5%~95.7%、7.7%~18.9%，且DOC含量差异达显著水平（P<0.05）。与秸秆还田相比，秸秆还田配施石灰可通过有效提高土壤pH（0.15~0.85个单位）、降低土壤DOC（6.6%~29.3%）和有效态Cd含量（11.4%~38.6%）等来降低稻米Cd含量（11.2%~44.9%），且稻米Cd含量随石灰用量的增加而降低直至平稳水平，其中以秸秆还田配施石灰1 800 kg·hm-2和2 400 kg·hm-2处理表现最佳（P<0.05），低于《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》（GB 2762—2017） 0.2 mg·kg-1的标准限值。此外，秸秆还田配施石灰水稻产量增加3.3%~6.2%（P>0.05）。在本研究试验条件下，秸秆还田配施石灰的最佳用量为1 800 kg·hm-2，既能兼顾水稻产量，又能保障稻谷、土壤生态安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Straw returning is an important measure to improve soil fertility and increase crop yield, but there is a risk of increasing rice cadmium（Cd）concentration. In order to study the rational utilization of straw resources, a field experiment on straw returning combined with lime was conducted to evaluate the effects of different lime-straw treatments on Cd uptake. Treatments included no-straw returning, straw returning, and straw returning with four lime dosages（600, 1 200, 1 800 kg·hm-2, and 2 400 kg·hm-2）. Compared with the no-straw returning treatment, the straw returning treatment increased rice Cd, soil dissolved organic carbon, and available Cd content by 18.1%, 28.5%~95.7%, and 7.7%~18.9%, respectively. Compared with straw returning treatment, straw returning with lime treatments reduced rice Cd contents by 11.2%~44.9% through increasing soil pH by 0.15~0.85 units, reducing soil DOC and available Cd contents by 6.6%~ 29.3% and 11.4%~38.6%, respectively. Straw returning with lime at 1 800 kg·hm-2 and 2 400 kg·hm-2 treatments significantly reduced rice Cd contents（P<0.05）. With an increase in lime dosage, the rice Cd contents decreased to levels below 0.2 mg·kg-1, as recommended by the National Food Safety Standard-Limits of Contaminants in Food（GB 2762—2017）. Moreover, straw returning with lime treatments increased rice yields by 3.3%~6.2%（P>0.05）. With a careful consideration of environmental impacts and economic benefits, the combination of straw returning with 1 800 kg·hm-2 lime is a high-yielding and ecologically safe intervention for straw resource utilization. |
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