| 姜海斌,沈仕洲,谷艳茹,于双,邹洪涛,Arif Husain,张磊,张克强.洱海流域不同施肥模式对稻田氮磷径流流失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(6):1305-1313. |
| 洱海流域不同施肥模式对稻田氮磷径流流失的影响 |
| Effects of different fertilization treatments on runoff losses of nitrogen and phosphorus in paddy fields in Erhai Lake basin, China |
| 投稿时间：2020-11-09 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-1292 |
| 中文关键词: 洱海流域 施肥模式 稻田 径流 氮磷流失 产量 |
| 英文关键词: Erhai Lake basin fertilization pattern paddy field runoff N and P loss yield |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0800103）；云南省科技创新开放基金项目（2017HC015）；云南省基础研究青年基金项目（2019FD120） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 姜海斌 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳 110866
国家农业环境大理观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 | | | 沈仕洲 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
国家农业环境大理观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 | | | 谷艳茹 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 于双 | 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳 110866 | | | 邹洪涛 | 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳 110866 | | | Arif Husain | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
国家农业环境大理观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 | | | 张磊 | 大理市农业环境保护监测站, 云南 大理 671000 | | | 张克强 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
国家农业环境大理观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 | keqiangzhang68@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究洱海流域水稻种植的合理施肥模式，减少稻田氮磷径流流失，通过田间小区试验，研究不同施肥模式对稻田氮磷径流流失和水稻产量的影响。结果表明：与常规施肥处理（CF）相比，化肥减量20%处理（T1）总氮径流流失量无显著差异，有机肥替代处理（T2~T5）总氮径流流失量降低31.6%~40.4%，缓控释肥处理（T6）总氮径流流失量降低15.7%；与CF处理相比，T1、T2和T6处理总磷径流流失量无显著差异，T3和T5处理总磷径流流失量分别降低23.3%和17.4%，T4处理总磷流失量增加57.0%。与CF处理相比，T6处理和T1处理籽粒产量无显著差异，T2~T5处理籽粒产量降低11.8%~42.9%；与T1处理相比，T5和T3处理籽粒产量无显著差异。与CF处理相比，T1、T6和T4处理秸秆产量无显著差异，T2、T3和T5处理秸秆产量分别降低15.5%、16.0%和36.0%。综合考虑不同施肥处理的稻田径流流失量和水稻产量等因素，化肥减量（T1）、有机无机配施（T3和T5）和缓控释肥（T6）处理是可供选择的环境友好型施肥模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the rice planting fertilization mode in Erhai Lake basin and reduce runoff losses of nitrogen and phosphorus in paddy fields, this study investigated the effects of different fertilization treatments through field plot experiments. Results showed that the total phosphorus（TP）concentration in the T6 runoff was significantly higher than that of other fertilization treatments. The TP concentration in the T4 runoff was significantly higher than the other fertilization treatments. The total nitrogen（TN）loss of the chemical fertilizer reduction pattern（T1）exhibited no significant difference as compared to the conventional fertilization pattern（CF）, while the TN loss of the organic fertilizer replacement patterns（T2~T5）decreased by 31.6%~40.4%. The slow and controlled release fertilizer pattern（T6）decreased by 15.7%. Compared to the CF, the TP losses of T1, T4, and T6 increased by 16.3%, 57.0%, and 45.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the TP losses between T2 and the CF. The grain yields of T1 and T2~T5 decreased by 9.5% and 11.8%~42.9%, respectively, compared to the CF. The grain yield of T6 did not differ significantly from the CF. Moreover, there were no significant differences in straw yields of the CF, T1, T4, and T6, whereas compared to the CF, the T2, T3, and T5 straw yields decreased by 15.5%, 16.0%, and 36.0%,respectively. Considering the runoff losses and rice yields of the different fertilization patterns and the loss of the chemical fertilizer reduction pattern（T1）, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer patterns（T3 and T5）and the slow/controlled-release fertilizer pattern （T6）are more environmentally-friendly fertilization models for paddy fields in Erhai Lake basin. |
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