| 蔡影峰,牛世华,刘朔,程增文,廖新俤,邢斯程.黑水虻幼虫处理鸡粪后虫体营养及虫沙评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(9):2006-2013. |
| 黑水虻幼虫处理鸡粪后虫体营养及虫沙评价 |
| Evaluation of growth performance and nutrient composition of black soldier fly larvae treated with layinghen manure |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0320 |
| 中文关键词: 黑水虻幼虫 蛋鸡粪 虫沙 生长性能 有机肥 |
| 英文关键词: black soldier fly larvae laying-hen manure insect sand growth performance organic fertilizer |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32072783）；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-40） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 蔡影峰 | 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广州 510642 | | | 牛世华 | 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广州 510642 | | | 刘朔 | 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广州 510642 | | | 程增文 | 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广州 510642 | | | 廖新俤 | 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广州 510642
广东省畜禽废弃物处理与资源化利用工程技术研究中心, 广州 510642
农业农村部鸡遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室, 广州 510642 | | | 邢斯程 | 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广州 510642
广东省畜禽废弃物处理与资源化利用工程技术研究中心, 广州 510642
农业农村部鸡遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室, 广州 510642 | smileforsicheng@foxmail.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨不同比例黑水虻幼虫处理鸡粪对黑水虻幼虫生长性能和虫沙肥料的影响，选择150日龄新鲜蛋鸡粪（各处理均为100 g），在人工气候培养箱中设置14组不同初始投放条数密度的3日龄黑水虻幼虫（0、50、100、…、1 000条，分别表示为T0、T50、T100、…、T1000），对黑水虻幼虫生长性能及营养成分和鸡粪营养物质变化进行研究。结果表明： T50组与T100组黑水虻幼虫生长性能显著高于其他幼虫处理组（P<0.05），其中T50组和T100组每条幼虫鲜质量分别可达134.70 mg和98.47 mg，干物质含量分别可达37.49%和34.61%。T100~T1000组虫沙含水率显著低于新鲜鸡粪组（CK）、无虫组（T0）和T50组（P<0.05）；虫沙pH总体偏碱性，幼虫处理组pH均高于CK组，只有T100组pH为8.48，符合《有机肥料》（NY 525—2012）；虫沙粗蛋白含量幼虫处理组显著低于CK组和T0组（P<0.05），T350组虫沙粗蛋白含量最低，仅为7.32%，T50~T1000组虫沙类腐植酸含量显著低于CK组和T0组（P<0.05）； CK组虫沙类胡敏酸含量显著高于T50和T100组，而T50和T100组虫沙类胡敏酸含量显著高于其他幼虫处理组（P<0.05），并且其他幼虫处理组虫沙类胡敏酸含量接近于0； T50和T100组虫沙各重金属含量均符合《有机肥料标准》。研究表明，T100组即100条黑水虻幼虫与100 g鸡粪的比例满足了幼虫和虫沙的需求，幼虫具有更高水平的生长性能及营养成分，虫沙被黑水虻幼虫充分利用后仍保留较多有利于提高植物品质的类腐植酸和类胡敏酸，其中pH、有机质、总养分含量及重金属含量均满足我国《有机肥料》（NY 525-2012），对虫沙进行再加工可生产出商品有机肥料，因此T100组是黑水虻幼虫高效处理鸡粪的合理比例，有利于指导黑水虻幼虫的饲养管理，高效地针对蛋鸡粪实现变废为宝。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aims at investigating the effects of treatment by different proportions of laying-hen manure on the growth performance and insect sand fertilizer potential of black soldier fly larvae. In this study, fourteen groups of 3-day-old black soldier fly larvae with different densities were cultured in 150-day-old laying-hen manure in an artificial climate incubator. The study examined the growth performance and nutrient composition of black soldier fly larvae and the changes of nutrients in laying-hen manure. Results of the study showed that the growth performance of larvae in the T50 and T100 groups was significantly greater than that in other larva treatment groups (P<0.05). The fresh weight of larvae in the T50 and T100 groups reached 134.70 mg and 98.47 mg, respectively. The dry matter content in the two groups reached 37.49% and 34.61%, respectively. The moisture content of insect sand in T100 to T1000 groups was significantly less than that in the CK(fresh laying-hen manure), T0(insect-free), and the T50 groups(P<0.05). The pH of the insect sand was generally alkaline. The pH of the larva treatment group was higher than that of the CK group. The pH of only the larva treatment T100 group met the Organic Fertilizer(NY 525-2012). The crude protein content of insect sand in the larva treatment groups was significantly lower than that in the CK and T0 groups(P<0.05). The T350 group had the lowest crude protein content of insect sand(7.32%). The humic acid content of insect sand in the CK and T0 groups was greater than that in the T50~T1000 groups(P<0.05). The humic acid content in the CK group was significantly greater than that in the T50 and T100 groups. Meanwhile, the humic acid content of insect sand in the larva treatment groups T50 and T100 was greater than that in other larva treatment groups(P<0.05), which is nearly zero. All heavy metal concentrations in larva treatment groups T50 and T100 met the Organic Fertilizer. Further, the ratio of 100 black soldier fly larvae to 100 g of laying-hen manure met the requirements of larvae and insect sand. Black soldier fly larvae have higher levels of growth performance and nutrients with the treatment by laying-hen manure than without. With treatment, insect sand retains more humic acid, which is conducive to improving plant growth. Furthermore, with this treatment, pH, total nutrient content, and heavy metal concentrations meet the Organic Fertilizer in China. Results show that the larvae to manure ratio in the T100 group provides an efficient treatment of laying-hen manure by black soldier fly larvae, is conducive to the feeding and management of black soldier fly larvae, and can effectively turn poultry waste into a profitable product. |
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