文章摘要
林瑞嫦,高玉萌,王可心,李鑫,杨思敏,高小丽.芸苔素内酯对糜子苯唑·二甲钠药害的缓解作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(4):726-734.
芸苔素内酯对糜子苯唑·二甲钠药害的缓解作用
The mitigation effect of brassinolide on phytotoxicity of tribenuron–methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl·MCPA-Na on broomcorn millet
投稿时间:2021-07-22  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2021-0832
中文关键词: 糜子  芸苔素内酯  苯唑·二甲钠  药害缓解  活性氧代谢
英文关键词: broomcorn millet  brassinolide  WP mixture of tribenuron –methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl ·MCPA-Na  phytotoxicity mitigation  active oxygen metabolism
基金项目:国家谷子高粱产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-A26);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018TSCXL-NY-03-01)
作者单位E-mail
林瑞嫦 西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
高玉萌 西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
王可心 西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
李鑫 西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
杨思敏 西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100  
高小丽 西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 gao2123@nwsuaf.edu.cn 
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中文摘要:
      为研究芸苔素内酯对糜子苯唑·二甲钠药害的缓解效果,于2020年6—10月在陕西省榆林市以“榆糜2号”糜子品种为材料进行大田试验,在糜子幼苗长至3~4叶期时,喷施0.6 kg·hm-2苯唑·二甲钠防除杂草,药后3 d分别叶面喷施0.06、0.08、0.10 mg·L-1的芸苔素内酯,调查除草剂药害和杂草防效,研究糜子功能叶片叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性及产量变化。结果表明:叶面喷施0.06、0.08、0.10 mg·L-1芸苔素内酯后除草剂药害指数显著下降,分别较单施除草剂降低了11.34、13.26、12.75个百分点,杂草防效略有降低,但与单施除草剂差异不显著;在苯唑·二甲钠胁迫下,糜子的株高,茎粗,穗长,主穗质量,产量,功能叶片过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活性和叶绿素、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量均降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高;药后3 d喷施不同浓度的芸苔素内酯均能缓解苯唑·二甲钠对糜子的药害,提高糜子产量及功能叶片的活性氧代谢酶活性、GST活性和叶绿素、GSH含量,并显著降低MDA含量。研究表明,在0.6 kg·hm-2的苯唑·二甲钠胁迫下喷施0.06~0.10 mg·L-1的芸苔素内酯可通过提高糜子叶片抗氧化酶活性维持细胞氧化还原的平衡和提高GST酶活性促进苯唑·二甲钠与GSH形成无毒性的轭合物来缓解苯唑·二甲钠对糜子产生的药害,从而促进糜子正常生长,提高糜子产量,其中浓度为0.08 mg·L-1的芸苔素内酯在缓解除草剂药害、促进糜子增产方面效果较好。
英文摘要:
      This study evaluated the mitigation effect of brassinolide(BR)on the phytotoxicity of tribenuron–methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl· MCPA-Na to provide a theoretical basis for the secure application of herbicides and the mitigation of herbicide phytotoxicity in broomcorn millet fields. Yumi 2 was planted in an experimental field located in Yulin, Shaanxi, from June to October 2020. Plants at the three-leaf to four-leaf stage were treated with 0.6 kg·hm-2 WP mixture of tribenuron–methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl·MCPA-Na. After 3 d, 0.06 mg·L-1 of BR, 0.08 mg·L-1 of BR, and 0.10 mg·L-1 of BR were foliarly applied, respectively. The phytotoxicity and fresh weight control effects of weeds were investigated for each treatment group. We measured the chlorophyll content and level of antioxidant enzymes in the functional leaves of broomcorn millet as well as the overall yield. Phytotoxicity showed a negative correlation with BR concentration. Compared with CK herbicide application, phytotoxicity indexes were reduced by up to 11.34, 13.26, and 12.75 percent points, respectively, depending on BR concentration. This was accompanied by a slightly reduced weed control effect. However, there was no significant difference from single application of herbicide. The WP mixture of tribenuron –methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl·MCPA-Na decreased plant height, stem thickness, ear length, main ear weight, yield, the activity levels of peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione Stransferase(GST), as well as chlorophyll and glutathione(GSH)content, but significantly increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content. The BR treatments increased the yield, activity levels of reactive oxygen metabolizing enzymes and GST, content levels of chlorophyll and GSH, and reduced the level of MDA content. The results indicate that treating broomcorn millet with 0.06~0.10 mg·L-1 BR following application of 0.6 kg·hm-2 WP mixture of tribenuron–methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl·MCPA-Na can maintain the balance of cell redox by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves and improving the activity of GST to promote the formation of an avirulence conjugate related to reduced glutathione, alleviating damage while promoting the growth and yield of broomcorn millet. The BR concentration of 0.08 mg·L-1 shows the best effect, alleviating the phytotoxicity, while promoting the yield of broomcorn millet.
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