| 陈雪,刘鸿雁,吴攀,孟伟,胡菁,李学先.基于GIS和PMF的铜仁植烟土壤重金属污染特征与来源解析[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(4):794-801. |
| 基于GIS和PMF的铜仁植烟土壤重金属污染特征与来源解析 |
| Contamination characteristics and source apportionment of heavy metals in tobacco-planting soils in Tongren County based on GIS and PMF methods |
| 投稿时间：2021-07-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0779 |
| 中文关键词: 重金属 植烟土壤 正定矩阵因子模型（PMF） 源解析 |
| 英文关键词: heavy metal tobacco soil positive matrix factorization（PMF） source apportionment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目（U1612442）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合平台人才[2016]5664，黔科合支撑[2020]4Y020）；贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局项目（黔地矿科合[2014]07） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 植烟土壤重金属污染不仅影响烟叶品质，同时会对吸烟者的健康构成潜在危害，研究植烟土壤重金属污染现状及来源贡献对于保障烟叶安全生产具有重要意义。为定性、定量分析贵州铜仁地区植烟土壤重金属污染特征及来源贡献，采集主要植烟区土壤样品267份，测定8种重金属元素（Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、As、Hg、Cr、Cd）含量，采用单因子污染指数（Pi）、污染负荷指数（PLI）结合地统计分析对重金属污染特征进行评价，并运用正定矩阵因子模型（PMF）解析其重金属的来源及贡献率。结果表明：植烟土壤Hg和Pb累积明显，均值分别是贵州省土壤背景值的2.27倍和1.74倍；Pi表明Cd、As、Pb的污染程度较高，高值区分布与区域矿冶活动分布密切相关。PMF计算结果显示，植烟土壤重金属来源主要有自然源、铅锌矿业源、交通和铅锌冶炼混合源、汞矿和煤矿源以及农业源5种类型，贡献率分别为25.38%、20.41%、16.60%、14.56%、23.05%。研究区植烟土壤重金属综合污染水平较低，重金属来源复杂，应重点加强Hg、Cd、Pb的源头控制，以降低其污染风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Heavy metals contamination of soils used for growing tobacco not only affects the quality of tobacco leaves but also poses potential health hazards to smokers. Thus, it is important to study the current situation of heavy metals contamination in these soils and the contributions of sources to ensure safe production of tobacco leaves. The purpose of this study was to assess qualitatively and quantitatively the pollution status and source contributions of heavy metals in soils used for growing tobacco in Tongren, Guizhou Province, China. For this purpose, 267 soil samples were collected systematically to determine the Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, Hg, Cr, and Cd concentrations. The single factor pollution index method（Pi）, pollution load（PLI）, and geostatistical analysis were used to evaluate the soil heavy metal pollution status in the study area. Furthermore, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to quantify the pollution sources and contribution rates. The results showed that Hg and Pb accumulated most significantly in the soils. Their mean values were 2.27 and 1.74 times of the background values of soils in Guizhou Province. The Pi evaluation results indicated that Cd, As, and Pb had the highest contamination levels, and the distribution of high value areas was closely related to the distribution of regional mining and metallurgical activities. The PMF calculations revealed that there were five main types of heavy metal sources affecting the soils：natural sources, lead and zinc mining sources, mixed-traffic and lead and zinc smelting sources, mercury and coal mining sources, and agricultural sources, with contributions of 25.38%, 20.41%, 16.60%, 14.56%, and 23.05%, respectively. Heavy metal pollution of the tobacco-planting soils in the study area was low, and the sources of heavy metals were complex. However, source control of Hg, Cd, and Pb should be emphasized to reduce the pollution risk. |
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