| 苏丽珍,张连娅,王思睿,曹卉敏,肖靖秀,郑毅,汤利.低磷红壤的玉米磷肥农学效应与农学阈值[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(9):2004-2010. |
| 低磷红壤的玉米磷肥农学效应与农学阈值 |
| Agronomic effects and threshold of phosphorus fertilizer in low phosphorus red soil maize |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-18 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0068 |
| 中文关键词: 低磷红壤 玉米施磷响应 磷肥利用效率 磷肥农学阈值 |
| 英文关键词: low-phosphorus red soil response of maize to phosphorus application utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer agronomy threshold of phosphate fertilizer |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31760615）；国家重点研发专项课题（2017YFD0200207）；云南省科技人才与平台计划项目（2019IC029） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为促进红壤磷肥高效利用，实现磷肥减施增效，通过连续3 a田间定位试验，在低磷红壤和4个施磷（P2O5）水平（0、60、90、120 kg·hm-2，分别记为P0、P60、P90、P120）下，研究施磷量对玉米产量、磷肥利用效率的影响，以及磷肥农学阈值对不同施磷水平的响应。结果表明：在低磷红壤上，施用磷肥显著增加了玉米产量，提高了玉米产量可持续指数，且玉米产量随施磷量增加而增加，在P120处理下产量最高，平均比P0处理显著增加210.48%，但与P90处理差异不显著。玉米当季磷肥偏生产力、磷肥表观利用率均呈现随磷肥施用量增加而减少的趋势，其中以P60处理效果最佳。施磷显著增加土壤有效磷含量，其中以P120处理有效磷含量最高，平均比P0处理显著增加313.44%。土壤磷平衡时的磷肥施用量为19.89~23.00 kg·hm-2。低磷红壤玉米磷肥农学阈值为97.04 kg·hm-2。研究表明，在西南低磷酸性红壤中，合理施用磷肥可提高玉米产量和玉米当季磷肥农学利用率，在本试验磷的基础养分条件下，按P90处理施磷，可实现玉米减肥增效、促进农业绿色发展的目标。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To promote the efficient use of phosphorus fertilizer in red soil, the application of phosphorus fertilizer must be reduced and efficiency increased, along with providing the theoretical basis for scientific application of phosphorus fertilizer in red soil. A 3-year field experiment was carried out under low phosphorus red soil and four phosphorus application(calculated by P2O5)levels(0, 60, 90 kg·hm-2 and 120 kg·hm-2, marked as P0, P60, P90, and P120, respectively). The effects of phosphorous(P)application rate on maize yield, its utilization efficiency and the response of agricultural threshold of P fertilizer to different application levels was studied. The results showed that application of P fertilizer significantly increased maize yield and sustainable index of maize yield in low P red soil. The maize yield increased with the increase of P application. The maize yield in P120 treatment was the highest, which was significantly increased by 210.48% compared with that in P0 treatment. However, there was no significant difference compared with that in P90 treatment. The partial productivity of P fertilizer and its apparent utilization decreased with the increase of P fertilizer application amount, where P60 was the best treatment. P application significantly increased soil available P content, and P120 treatment had the highest available P content, which was significantly increased by 313.44% compared with P0 treatment on average. The application amount of phosphorus fertilizer in soil phosphorus balance was 19.89~23.00 kg · hm-2. The agronomic threshold of P fertilizer was 97.04 kg · hm-2. In conclusion, rational application of phosphorus fertilizer in low phosphate red soil in southwest China can improve maize yield and agricultural utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizers in season. Under the condition of basic nutrient of phosphorus in this experiment, applying phosphorus according to P90 treatment can achieve the goal of reducing phosphorus and increasing efficiency of maize, while promoting the green development of agriculture. |
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