| 赵雨鑫,廖洪凯,龙健,李娟,冉泰山,杨国梅.秸秆类型对强还原土壤细菌群落及多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(12):2629-2641. |
| 秸秆类型对强还原土壤细菌群落及多样性的影响 |
| Effect of reductive soil disinfestation incorporated with straw types on soil bacterial community diversity |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-27 修订日期：2022-11-25 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1079 |
| 中文关键词: 强还原土壤处理 秸秆类型 连作 土壤理化性质 细菌群落 |
| 英文关键词: reductive soil disinfestation straw type continuous cropping soil physicochemical property bacterial community |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42167017）；贵州省科学技术基金重点项目（黔科合基础[2020]1Z036）；贵州省百层次创新人才项目（黔科合平台人才[2020]6010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为对比不同类型秸秆对强还原处理土壤（RSD）理化指标和微生物变化特征的影响，本研究设置了晾干的玉米秸秆（CS），晾干的芒草秸秆（MS），晾干的玉米和芒草秸秆混合（CMD），新鲜的玉米和芒草秸秆混合（CMW）4个处理，并以化学熏蒸和仅淹水处理作为对照，以评估不同强还原物料处理土壤培养过程中理化性质和细菌群落的动态变化。结果表明：在培养期间不同RSD处理增加了土壤有机质和活性有机碳含量，土壤pH呈先升高后降低的趋势，且土壤硝态氮的累积降幅达到83%~98%。与单一秸秆相比，混合晾干秸秆RSD处理显著提高了细菌群落多样性，其中Shannon指数的增幅为49%，而混合新鲜秸秆处理对细菌群落多样性的影响呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。在培养期间，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）是总细菌群落的优势菌门，其相对丰度在CMW组先降低后升高，而在CMD组降低了51%。在细菌属水平上，CMD组伯克氏菌目中未分类的属（UC-Burkholderiales）、丛毛单胞菌科中未分类的属（UC-Comamonadaceae）、厌氧黏细菌属（Anaeromyxobacter）和假单胞菌属（Pseudobacteroides）相对丰度于培养结束时期显著高于其他处理。Mantel检验表明具有特征性的细菌类群（如Anaeromyxobacter和Pseudobacteroides）与土壤pH、有效磷含量呈正相关，且Anaeromyxobacter与硝态氮含量呈显著正相关关系。研究表明，不同强还原物料组成及晾干程度均对土培过程中细菌群落组成及其多样性产生显著影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The aim of this research is to compare the effects of reductive soil disinfestation（RSD）incorporated with different types of straw on continuous-cropping soil properties and bacterial communities. RSD treatments incorporating dried corn straw（CS）, dried miscanthus straw（MS）, a dried corn and miscanthus straw mixture（CMD）, and a fresh corn and miscanthus straw mixture（CMW）were set up, with chemical fumigation and flooding as controls, to evaluate the dynamic changes in physicochemical properties and bacterial communities during soil incubation. The results showed that different RSD treatments increased soil organic matter and labile organic carbon content during the incubation period, soil pH showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the cumulative decrease in soil nitrate nitrogen reached 83%-98%. RSD with a combination of straws improved bacterial community diversity compared to the addition of a single straw, and the Shannon index increased by 49%. In contrast, fresh straw first increased then decreased the bacterial community diversity. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in the total bacterial community. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased first and then increased in the CMW group, while decreasing by 51% in the CMD group. At the genus level, the relative abundance of UC-Burkholderiales, UC-Comamonadaceae, Anaeromyxobacter, and Pseudobacteroides were significantly increased in the mixed dry straw group at the end of the culture. Mantel testing showed that characteristic bacterial groups（such as Anaeromyxobacter and Pseudobacteroides） were positively correlated with soil pH and Olsen-P content, and Anaeromyxobacter was significantly positively correlated with nitrate nitrogen content. In general, different degrees of drying and RSD combined with single and mixed straws had different effects on bacterial community abundance and diversity. |
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