| 霍丽丽,姚宗路,赵立欣,罗娟,张沛祯,张心怡.我国农业农村减排固碳标准现状与体系构建[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(2):242-251. |
| 我国农业农村减排固碳标准现状与体系构建 |
| Current status and construction of a standard system for greenhouse gas emission mitigation and carbon sequestration in agricultural and rural areas of China |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0818 |
| 中文关键词: 农业农村 温室气体 减排 碳汇 标准体系 |
| 英文关键词: agricultural and rural area greenhouse gas(GHG) emission mitigation carbon sequestration standard system |
| 基金项目:财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-02）；中国工程科技发展战略海南研究院咨询研究项目（21-HN-ZT-12） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 霍丽丽 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业农村部华北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 北京 100081
中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心, 北京 100081 | | | 姚宗路 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业农村部华北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 北京 100081
中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心, 北京 100081 | yaozonglu@163.com | | 赵立欣 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业农村部华北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 北京 100081
中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心, 北京 100081 | | | 罗娟 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业农村部华北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 北京 100081
中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心, 北京 100081 | | | 张沛祯 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业农村部华北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 北京 100081
中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心, 北京 100081 | | | 张心怡 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业农村部华北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 北京 100081
中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心, 北京 100081 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农业农村是温室气体排放源之一，也是固碳增汇的重要方面，我国农业农村领域仍存在减排固碳底数不清、监测方法和核算标准体系不健全、认证缺乏指导依据等问题，因此，亟需构建农业农村减排固碳技术标准体系，充分发挥标准基础性、引领性作用，提升农业农村减排固碳技术水平和管理效能。本文对国内外农业农村领域碳排放、碳减排、固碳等相关标准进行梳理，分析现阶段标准现状和存在的问题，明确建立农业农村减排固碳标准体系的思路及整体框架，加快关键领域标准制定与实施，重点围绕稻田甲烷、农田氧化亚氮、反刍动物肠道甲烷、畜禽粪污管理、秸秆露天焚烧及农村生活用能等“排放源”，农田和渔业“碳汇源”，以及可再生能源替代“减排源”等主要领域，研编一批国家、行业、地方标准，提出标准体系建设有关建议，为推进农业农村领域建立健全统一的碳排放数据监测计量、核算、报告、核查等技术规范体系，推进农业农村绿色发展提供技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Agriculture activities and rural areas are important sources of greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions, and are important for carbon sequestration and exchange enhancement. However, agricultural and rural areas in China continue to face problems, such as unclear carbon mitigation and sequestration base, imperfect monitoring methods and standard accounting systems, and lack of guidance for certification. Therefore, establishing a standard technical system for agricultural and rural carbon mitigation and sequestration, emphasizing the basic and leading role of the standards, and improving the technical level and management efficiency is urgently necessary. This study focused on the relevant carbon emission standards, carbon emission mitigation, and carbon sequestration in agricultural and rural areas both in China and abroad. Moreover, the current status and existing problems of the standards were analyzed. Finally, an idea and overall framework for establishing the agricultural and rural emission mitigation and carbon sequestration standard system were developed. The formulation and implementation of standards in key areas were accelerated. A number of national, industrial and local standards focusing on major fields as "emission sources" such as methane in rice fields, nitrous oxide in farmland, methane in ruminants' intestines, management of livestock and poultry manure, open burning of straw and rural domestic energy, "carbon source" in farmland and fishery, and substitution of renewable energy for "emission mitigation sources" were compiled. Suggestions on standard system construction have been proposed, which provide technical support for promoting the establishment and improvement of a unified technical specification system for carbon emission data monitoring and measurement, accounting, reporting, and verification in agricultural and rural areas, and promoting the green development of agricultural and rural areas. |
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