应用DNDC模型模拟关中地区农田长期施肥条件下土壤碳含量及作物产量

陈海心; 孙本华; 冯 浩; 赵 英; 张 延

文章摘要

陈海心,孙本华,冯浩,赵英,张延.应用DNDC模型模拟关中地区农田长期施肥条件下土壤碳含量及作物产量[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(9):1782-1790.

应用DNDC模型模拟关中地区农田长期施肥条件下土壤碳含量及作物产量

Simulation of Soil Carbon Contents and Crop Yields in Long-term Fertilized Cropland in Guanzhong Area Using DNDC Model

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.09.016

中文关键词: DNDC模型施肥土壤有机碳碳循环作物产量

英文关键词: DNDC model fertilization soil organic carbon carbon cycling crop yields

基金项目:

作者	单位
陈海心	西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所，陕西杨凌 712100
孙本华	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院，陕西杨凌 712100
冯浩	中国旱区节水农业研究院，陕西杨凌 712100；国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心，陕西杨凌 712100
赵英	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院，陕西杨凌 712100
张延	西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院，陕西杨凌 712100

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中文摘要:

为探讨长期不同施肥条件下土壤有机碳和作物产量的变化规律及DNDC模型在关中地区的适用性，利用在陕西杨凌设置的长期定位施肥试验数据，选取不施肥（CK）、单施氮磷钾无机肥（NPK）、无机肥配施秸秆（SNPK）、无机肥配施低量有机肥（M1NPK）及无机肥配施高量有机肥（M2NPK）5个处理，分析了20年来土壤有机碳（SOC）含量、碳循环以及农作物产量的变化趋势等基本特征。分析数据表明：CK使得土壤肥力持续下降，显著地降低了SOC含量和作物产量；NPK处理虽可促进作物产量，但对表层土壤肥力的增加不明显，与CK处理无显著差异；而SNPK、M1NPK与M2NPK处理既增加了作物产量，同时也显著提高了土壤肥力，且以M2NPK的增产增肥效果最佳。在此基础上，利用实测数据标定和验证了DNDC模型，通过均方根误差（RMSE），标准化的均方根误差（N-RMSE）以及符合度指数（d）对模型适用性分析，模型预测精度较好，可用于预测该地区作物产量和土壤有机碳动态。从模型输出20年来土壤碳含量的变化看，施肥能提高作物地上部、地下部生物量以及土壤异氧呼吸作用，即同时提高了外源碳携入量和内源碳消耗量，但各施肥处理均在碳储量上表现为盈余状态。因此，在关中地区，为提高土壤肥力、碳储量以及作物产量，可推广无机肥配施有机肥的措施。

英文摘要:

Land use changes may have great impacts on dryland agriculture in the Loess Plateau of China, one of the most fragile agro-ecosystems in the world. Here we investigated the variation of soil organic carbon（SOC） and crop yields in dryland under long-term different fertilization in Guanzhong plain area during 20 years using DNDC model. There were five treatments including no fertilization control（CK）, inorganic fertilizers（NPK）, NPK combined with straw（SNPK）, NPK combined with low manure（M1NPK）, and NPK combined with high manure（M2NPK）. In the CK treatment, SOC and crop yields were significantly reduced. The NPK treatment promoted crop production, but had little effect on SOC, which was similar to that in CK. However, both SOC and crop yields were increased in the SNPK, M1NPK and M2NPK treatments, with the greatest effect observed in the M2NPK. These observed data were used to calibrate and verify DNDC model. The model showed good fitting to measured SOC and crop yields, and thus could be used to predict SOC and crop yields dynamics. The prediction by the model indicated that combination of inorganic fertilizers and manure could not only enhance crop aboveground and underground biomass and heterotrophic respiration, but also increase soil carbon storage. This result would shed light on fertilization practices in this region.

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