| 陈倩倩,刘波,王阶平,朱育菁,张海峰.基于宏基因组方法分析养猪发酵床微生物组季节性变化[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(6):1240-1247. |
| 基于宏基因组方法分析养猪发酵床微生物组季节性变化 |
| Seasonal variation, based on metagenomic analysis, in the bacterial community of a microbial fermentation-bed used for pig-raising |
| 投稿时间：2017-09-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1330 |
| 中文关键词: 微生物发酵床 细菌多样性 高通量测序 功能预测 |
| 英文关键词: microbial fermentation bed bacterial diversity high-throughput sequencing predictive functional profiling |
| 基金项目:福建省重大专项项目农业科技重大专项（2015NZ0003-1） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2848 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为揭示夏季和冬季微生物发酵床的细菌群落结构，明确季节性温度下发酵床垫料细菌群落的变化，探究发酵床有机物降解菌的多样性，基于宏基因组方法分析发酵床微生物组季节性变化。提取垫料宏基因组DNA，扩增原核生物16S rDNA基因V3-V4区，采用Illumina 进行高通量测序；构建热图，分析两个季节微生物的演替；RDA（冗余分析）法研究垫料菌群与季节性温度之间关系；通过PICRUSt比较了两个季节细菌的代谢水平。测序共获得762 923条序列，包括34门、70纲、260科、1843类OTUs。夏季和冬季的细菌群落结构不同，前者有更为丰富的细菌类群。两个季节的微生物发酵床优势菌为拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门。在门水平，夏季样本中的放线菌门和异常球菌-栖热菌门的含量高于冬季样本；后者的拟杆菌门和变形菌门含量高于前者。夏季有机物降解菌主要为特吕珀菌属和漠河菌属，冬季主要为假单胞菌属和硫假单胞菌，分别适应高温和低温环境。PICRUSt分析显示夏季发酵床中细菌代谢碳水化合物、脂类和氨基酸代谢基因数目高于冬季。研究表明，温度是影响微生物发酵床细菌群落的重要因素，夏季微生物发酵床细菌群落具有更高的丰富度和多样性，代谢水平也高于冬季垫料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The main objectives of this study was to investigating the bacterial communities in a microbial fermentation-bed(MFB) during summer and winter, and to provide appropriate information that will improve the biodegradation of pig manures. The diversity and dynamics of the bacterial communities in the MFB system were evaluated by Illumina sequencing of 16S rDNA from the hypervariable region of the V3-V4 gene. The bacterial community succession was analyzed by heatmap. Redundancy analysis(RDA) was used to investigating the relationship between bacterial communities and seasonal temperatures. Predictive functional composition of a bacterial community was also used, along with Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States(PICRUSt). A total of 762,923 sequences were obtained from samples collected over the two seasons. They represented 34 phyla, 70 classes, 260 families, and 1843 operational taxonomic units(OTUs). Summer and winter litters had different bacterial community structures. More valid sequencing reads and OTUs, and a richer diversity of bacterial taxa could be found in the litters during summer than in winter. The main phyla in the MFB for the two seasons were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. At the phylum level, the Actinobacteria and Deinococcus-Thermus contents in the summer samples were much higher than in the winter samples. However, the Phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria contents in the winter samples were higher than in the summer samples. The main organic degradation bacteria in summer were genera Truepera and Moheibacter, whereas they were Pseudomonas and Thiopseudomonas in winter. These differences could be associated with the biodegradation of pig manure at high and low temperatures, respectively. The PICRUSt analysis indicated that the expression levels of genes involved in amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism were higher in summer. This study showed that season is an important factor affecting the bacterial communities. The MFB in summer had a greater bacterial diversity, richness, and more metabolism genes than the bed in winter. This research provides theoretical guidance for the biodegradation of pig manure and the maintenance of the mattress in an MFB. |
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