| 王静,付伟章,葛晓红,郑书联,薄录吉.玉米生物炭和改性炭对土壤无机氮磷淋失影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(12):2810-2820. |
| 玉米生物炭和改性炭对土壤无机氮磷淋失影响的研究 |
| Effects of corn biochar and modified carbon on leaching of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in soil |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0030 |
| 中文关键词: 改性生物炭 吸附 氮磷淋失 物理隔离层 |
| 英文关键词: modified biochar adsorption nitrogen phosphorus loss physical isolation |
| 基金项目:山东省重大科技创新工程项目（2017CXGC0223）；国家自然科学基金项目（41771324）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2016DB28）；山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目（CXGC2016B09） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用玉米秸秆为原料制作生物炭，并用氯化铁进行改性，考察了改性前后生物炭对硝态氮和磷的吸附等温和吸附动力学过程，将生物炭和改性炭制作3 cm厚的物理隔离层，施入土柱50 cm处，通过淋溶实验，研究生物炭改性前后对土壤无机氮磷淋失的影响。结果表明，炭化温度为500℃时，铁炭比为0.7的生物炭和改性炭对氮磷的吸附能力最强。吸附动力学和等温吸附曲线分析表明：生物炭改性后对硝态氮和磷的吸附增大，生物炭和改性生物炭对硝态氮的最大吸附量分别为0 mg·g-1和2.414 mg·g-1、对磷的最大吸附量分别为1.723 mg·g-1和16.062 mg·g-1。与对照相比，生物炭处理和改性炭处理硝态氮的淋失量分别降低11.2%和31.6%，磷的淋失量分别显著降低33.1%和82.9%，氨氮的淋失量分别显著降低44.3%和68.6%。淋溶试验后对土壤残留养分分析表明，隔离层的添加并不会对0~50 cm土层内NO3--N、NH4+-N和PO43--P含量产生明显影响，同时改性生物炭能有效减少NH4+-N和PO43--P向更深土层中迁移，表明土壤中添加改性生物炭能够有效降低土壤无机氮磷的淋失风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, biochar and modified biochar were used to investigate the adsorption kinetics of nitrate and phosphorus. A 3 cmthick physical barrier of biochar and modified carbon was applied to a depth of 50 cm. The soil column leaching experiment was used to study the effect of biochar on the leaching of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil. The results showed that when the carbonization temperature was 500℃ and the iron carbon ratio was 0.7, the adsorption capacity of the biochar and modified carbon to nitrogen and phosphorus was the strongest. In addition, the kinetics of adsorption isotherm biochars before and after modification were more in line with the Langmuir adsorption equation and dynamics equation of quasi secondary. Biochar modification before adsorption by nitrate into a modified maximum of 2.414 mg·g-1, biochar and modified carbon on phosphorus adsorption quantity biggest were 1.723 mg·g-1 and 16.062 mg·g-1. Compared with the control, biochar and modified carbon leaching loss of nitrate nitrogen were decreased by 11.2% and 31.6%, the leaching amounts of phosphorus were significantly decreased by 33.1% and 82.9%, respectively, significantly reduced the amount of ammonia nitrogen leaching 44.3% and 68.6%. Analysis of soil residual nutrients after leaching test showed that the addition of isolation layer did not significantly affect the contents of NO3--N, NH4+-N and PO43--P in 0~40 cm soil layer, while the modified carbon could effectively reduce NH4+-N and PO43--P migrated to deeper soil layers, indicating that the leaching risk in soil by adding modified biochar can effectively reduce the inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in soil. |
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