文章摘要
马舒坦,颜晓元.甲酸盐和葡萄糖对两种土壤N2O排放的刺激作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(1):235-242.
甲酸盐和葡萄糖对两种土壤N2O排放的刺激作用
Effect of formate and glucose organic carbon on N2O emission from two soils
投稿时间:2018-02-14  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2018-0227
中文关键词: 根系分泌物  反硝化  真菌  细菌  N2O
英文关键词: root exudates  denitrification  fungi  denitrifying fungi  N2O
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41425005)
作者单位E-mail
马舒坦 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 
 
颜晓元 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 yanxy@issas.ac.cn 
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中文摘要:
      为初步探究某些根系分泌物对土壤N2O排放的影响,采用室内培养的方法,以甲酸盐和葡萄糖为外加碳源(0、0.5、1 μmolC·g-1),测定了其对菜地和稻田土壤N2O排放的影响。结果表明,无外加有机碳源情况下,菜地土壤的N2O-N(2.65~2.69 μg·kg-1)排放量显著小于稻田土壤(6.19~11.79 μg·kg-1)(P<0.01);添加葡萄糖的情况下,菜地土壤的N2O-N(2.47~3.44 μg·kg-1)排放量也显著小于稻田土壤(9.55~13.34 μg·kg-1)(P<0.01);但在甲酸盐(1 μmol C·g-1)的刺激下菜地土壤N2O-N排放量(54.86 μg·kg-1)显著高于稻田土壤(42.40 μg·kg-1)(P<0.01);增加施氮量并没有显著增加土壤中N2O排放。荧光定量PCR结果表明,稻田土壤微生物拷贝数(包括真菌、细菌、反硝化细菌)是菜地的3~8倍。进一步通过高通量测序分析发现,反硝化真菌在菜地中的相对丰度(53.8%),远远高于其在稻田土壤中的丰度(6.6%)。有报道指出,反硝化真菌能够有效地利用甲酸盐产生N2O,我们的研究也发现小分子有机物质的微量添加可以显著刺激土壤N2O排放;微生物群落结构可以显著地影响土壤N2O排放对不同有机碳源添加响应;甲酸盐添加下的菜地土壤中,大量反硝化真菌很可能是N2O的主要贡献者。
英文摘要:
      Incubation experiments were performed to preliminarily investigate the effects of some root exudates on soil N2O emissions by adding different amounts of formate or glucose(0, 0.5, 1 μmol C·g-1) to vegetable field and paddy soils. In the absence of formate or glucose, the N2O-N emissions(2.65~2.69 μg·kg-1) from the vegetable field soil were significantly less than those of the paddy soil(6.19~11.79 μg·kg-1) (P<0.01). In the presence of glucose, N2O-N emissions(2.47~3.44 μg·kg-1) from the vegetable field soils were also significantly less than those of the paddy soil(9.55~13.34 μg·kg-1) (P<0.01). Whereas, in the presence of 1 μmol C·g-1 formate, the N2O-N emissions (54.86 g·kg-1) from vegetable field soils were significantly larger than those of the paddy soil(42.40 g·kg-1) (P<0.01). The amount of NO-3 addition didn't significantly affect soil N2O emissions. Quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing were used to explore the underlying microbial mechanism showing that microbial copy number of the paddy soil(including fungi, bacteria, denitrifying bacteria) was 3~8 times higher than that of the vegetable field soil. According to the results of high-throughput sequencing analysis, the relative abundance of denitrifying fungi in vegetable field(53.8%) was much higher than that of the paddy soil(6.6%). It had been reported denitrifying fungi could utilize formate as electronic donor in the process of denitrification. Our results also indicated that low-molecular-weight organic carbon with trace addition significantly stimulated soil N2O emission, and the effects depended on microbial community structure. Denitrifying fungi probably dominated N2O emission when the vegetable field soil was amended with formate.
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