生态沟-湿地系统对农田排水氮磷的去除效应

朱金格; 张晓姣; 刘鑫; 郭西亚

文章摘要

朱金格,张晓姣,刘鑫,郭西亚.生态沟-湿地系统对农田排水氮磷的去除效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(2):405-411.

生态沟-湿地系统对农田排水氮磷的去除效应

Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from farmland drainage by ecological ditch-wetland system

投稿时间：2018-04-17 修订日期：2018-07-09

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0511

中文关键词: 生态沟湿地氮磷农田尾水面源污染

英文关键词: ecological ditch wetland nitrogen phosphorus farmland drainage non-point source pollution

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51609235）；江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20151063）；国家水体污染治理重大专项（2017ZX07603-004-03，2017ZX07205002）

作者	单位
朱金格	中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
张晓姣	南京中科水治理股份有限公司, 南京 210016
刘鑫	中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
郭西亚	中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

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中文摘要:

为探讨生态拦截系统对农田尾水氮、磷的去除效应及其应用前景，在太湖水源地陆域保护区原位构建生态沟-湿地系统对涵盖施肥期的农田尾水进行了拦截净化。结果表明，生态沟-湿地系统可对TN、NH₄⁺-N、TP平均浓度分别为23.45、19.87 mg·L^-1和0.341 mg·L^-1的高浓度农田尾水有效净化，出流最低TN、NH₄⁺-N分别可达地表Ⅴ类水和Ⅳ类水标准，出流TP稳定达到地表Ⅲ类水标准。生态沟对农田排水TN、NH₄⁺-N、TP平均去除率分别为49.95%、48.55%和53.22%，尾水进入人工湿地后得到再次净化，去除率分别为18.4%、9.43%和23.35%，系统总体去除率分别为59.6%、51.69%和60.92%。研究表明，生态沟末端配置人工湿地能有效提高氮、磷去除效率，系统具有一定的环境经济效益和可移植性，为太湖东部同类型农田排水的生态拦截提供案例参考。

英文摘要:

In order to better understand the effect of ecological interception systems on removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from farmland drainage, an ecological ditch-wetland system was constructed to treat the farmland drainage during the fertilization period. The results showed that the ditch-wetland system effectively purified drainage water with an average TN, NH₄⁺-N, and TP concentration of 23.45 mg·L^-1, 19.87 mg·L^-1, and 0.341 mg·L^-1, respectively. The lowest concentration in the outflow met the class V requirement for TN and the class Ⅳ requirement for NH₄⁺-N defined in the surface water environmental quality standards (SWQS). The average concentration of TP in the outflow met the class Ⅲ requirement. The removal rates of TN, NH₄⁺-N, and TP were 49.95%, 48.55%, and 53.22% respectively with the ecological ditch, and 18.4%, 9.43%, and 23.35% respectively with the constructed wetland, resulting in total removal rates of 59.6%, 51.69%, and 60.92% respectively. Our results indicated that constructing the wetland at the end of ecological ditch effectively increased the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. The system is simple to use and presents environmental and economic benefits. Thus, the results of this case study can be applied to the ecological interception of similar type of farmland drainage generated east of Taihu Lake.

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