文章摘要
朱海生,董红敏,栾冬梅,蒲德伦,袁丰.贮存高度和锯末覆盖厚度对猪粪NH3和温室气体排放量及其增温潜势的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(4):937-943.
贮存高度和锯末覆盖厚度对猪粪NH3和温室气体排放量及其增温潜势的影响
The effects of stack height and sawdust covering depth on ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from swine manure and global warming potential
投稿时间:2018-06-02  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2018-0728
中文关键词: 猪粪  贮存高度  锯末覆盖厚度  NH3和温室气体排放
英文关键词: swine manure  stack heights  sawdust covering depths  ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions
基金项目:西南大学校地合作项目(41005617)
作者单位
朱海生 西南大学动物科学学院, 重庆 402460 
董红敏 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 
栾冬梅 东北农业大学动物科学技术学院, 哈尔滨 150030 
蒲德伦 西南大学动物科学学院, 重庆 402460 
袁丰 西南大学动物科学学院, 重庆 402460 
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中文摘要:
      为研究贮存高度和锯末覆盖厚度对猪粪NH3和温室气体排放量及其增温潜势的影响,以猪粪为贮存材料,锯末为覆盖材料,试验设2种猪粪贮存高度(20 cm和40 cm)和3种锯末覆盖高度(0、10 cm和20 cm),共6个处理,每个处理3个重复。通过动态箱技术对猪粪贮存过程中NH3和温室气体排放进行不间断测试,每小时测量一次进气口和排气口NH3、N2O、CH4和CO2的质量浓度,进而计算增温潜势,共测量42 d。结果表明:猪粪便的贮存高度对各种气体排放量均有显著影响,与20 cm贮存高度的猪粪相比,40 cm贮存高度猪粪的NH3、N2O和CO2排放量显著降低,而CH4排放量显著增加。锯末覆盖降低了猪粪贮存过程中NH3和CO2的排放量,但是增加了CH4的排放量;锯末覆盖对不同贮存高度猪粪N2O排放量影响不同,锯末覆盖增加了20 cm贮存高度猪粪N2O排放量,却降低了40 cm贮存高度猪粪N2O排放量。各处理组单位质量猪粪排放的总温室气体增温潜势为36.62~62.83 g·kg-1(CO2基础)。覆盖可以减少猪粪贮存过程中总温室气体增温潜势11.59%~23.61%,但差异不显著。与20 cm贮存高度的猪粪相比,40 cm贮存高度显著降低了猪粪总温室气体增温潜势达36.26%~41.48%。研究表明,增加猪粪贮存高度可以减少猪粪贮存过程中总温室气体的增温潜势。
英文摘要:
      To study the effects of stack height and sawdust covering depth on ammonia and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from swine manure, and the global warming potential, two stack heights (20 cm and 40 cm) of swine manure and three covering depths of sawdust (0, 10 cm, and 20 cm) were selected to form six treatments. Each treatment was carried out in triplicate. Continuous measurements of ammonia and GHG emissions were carried out using a dynamic system. The experiment lasted 42 days. The results showed that a higher manure stack (40 cm) significantly reduced NH3, N2O, and CO2 emissions, in terms of emissions per kilogram initial manure. However, CH4 emissions showed a completely different trend from that of the NH3, N2O, and CO2 emissions. Sawdust covering reduced the cumulative NH3 and CO2 emissions from swine manure during storage, in terms of emissions per kilogram initial manure, but simultaneously increased the cumulative CH4 emissions. Sawdust covering had different effects on the N2O emissions from swine manure at different stack heights. The covering increased the cumulative N2O emission for the 20 cm stack height of swine manure, but reduced it for the 40 cm stack height. The cumulative GHG emissions from swine manure were 36.62~62.83 g·kg-1 of initial manure weight (based on CO2). Sawdust covering reduced the total GHG emission by 11.59%~23.61%, but there was no significant difference between covered and uncovered samples. Compared with that for the 20 cm stack height of swine manure, the total GHG emission reduction was 36.26%~41.48% for the 40 cm stack height. A higher stack produced the least GHG emissions from swine manure during storage.
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