文章摘要
李晓涵,吴永贵,刘明凤,兰美燕.模拟酸雨对铅锌冶炼废渣重金属释放及生物毒性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(11):2504-2514.
模拟酸雨对铅锌冶炼废渣重金属释放及生物毒性的影响
Effects of simulated acid rain on heavy metal release and biological toxicity of lead and zinc smelting waste residues
投稿时间:2020-04-19  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2020-0440
中文关键词: 模拟酸雨  铅锌冶炼废渣  重金属  发光细菌  生物毒性
英文关键词: simulated acid rain  lead-zinc smelting waste residues  heavy metals  luminescent bacteria  biological toxicity
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41663009);国家自然科学基金-贵州省联合基金项目(U1612442);贵州省百层次创新人才培养计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]6002)
作者单位E-mail
李晓涵 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025  
吴永贵 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025
贵州大学应用生态研究所, 贵阳 550025
贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 贵阳 550025 
ygwu72@126.com 
刘明凤 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025  
兰美燕 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025  
摘要点击次数: 2101
全文下载次数: 1785
中文摘要:
      为评价酸雨淋洗对铅锌冶炼废渣中重金属释放及生物毒性的影响,以黔西北酸雨严重区域大量堆存的铅锌冶炼废渣堆场为研究对象,对照组以去离子水为浸提剂,分析不同粒径废渣在不同酸度模拟酸雨浸提下重金属的分布特征及生物毒性变化规律。结果表明,与对照相比,模拟酸雨均可不同程度降低铅锌废渣浸出液的pH,废渣粒径越小浸出液的电导率越高。模拟酸雨可提高铅锌冶炼废渣浸出液中Cu、Zn、Cd的浓度,相同条件下,浸出液中重金属浓度总体上随废渣粒径减小呈增加趋势。模拟酸雨可促进废渣中残渣态Cu、Pb、Zn向其他形态转化而增加铅锌废渣堆存的环境风险。进一步分析表明,废渣浸出液中Zn、Cd含量越高浸出液的生物毒性越大,而低浓度范围内废渣浸出液中Cu含量越高反而生物毒性越小。综上,模拟酸雨能促进不同粒径铅锌冶炼废渣中重金属离子的溶出释放、改变废渣中重金属的形态,并提高废渣浸出液的生物毒性,从而增大了铅锌冶炼废渣堆场的环境生态风险。
英文摘要:
      To evaluate the effect of acid rain leaching on the release of heavy metals and biotoxicity in lead-zinc smelting waste residue, a large amount of lead-zinc smelting waste yards piled in the severe area of acid rain in northwestern Guizhou was selected as the research object, and deionized water was used as an extractant in the control group to analyze the distribution characteristics of heavy metals under different acidity values in simulated acid rain leaching. Different sizes of waste residues and the law of biological toxicity were analyzed. The results show that, compared to the control, the simulated acid rain could reduce the pH value of the lead-zinc waste residue leaching solution to varying degrees; the smaller the particle size of the waste residue, the higher the electrical conductivity of the leachate. Simulated acid rain could increase the concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Cd in the extraction solution of lead and zinc smelting waste residues. Under the same conditions, the concentration of heavy metals in the extraction solution generally increased with the decrease in the particle size of the waste residues. The simulated acid rain could promote the transformation of residual Cu, Pb, and Zn in waste residues to other forms and increase the environmental risk of lead and zinc waste residue accumulation. Further analysis shows that the higher the content of Zn and Cd in the waste residue leaching solution, the greater the biological toxicity of the leaching solution, while the higher the Cu content in the waste residue leaching solution in the low concentration range, the less the biological toxicity. In summary, the simulated acid rain could promote the dissolution and release of heavy metal ions in lead and zinc smelting waste residues, changing the forms of heavy metals in waste residue and increasing the biological toxicity of waste residue leachate, thereby increasing the environmental and ecological risks of lead-zinc smelting waste residue yards.
HTML    查看全文   查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器