文章摘要
刘少君,李文博,熊启中,李虹颖,李军利,刘荣,郜红建,叶新新.稻虾共作磷素平衡特征及生态经济效益研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(10):2179-2188.
稻虾共作磷素平衡特征及生态经济效益研究
Phosphorus balance and eco-economic benefits in the integrated rice-crayfish system
投稿时间:2021-03-05  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2021-0263
中文关键词: 稻虾共作  磷平衡  磷循环  经济效益
英文关键词: integrated rice-crayfish system  phosphorus balance  phosphorus cycle  economic benefits
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301302);国家自然科学基金项目(41701581);安徽省杰出青年科学基金项目(2008085J13);长江经济带磷资源高效利用创新平台项目(KJ20190197)
作者单位E-mail
刘少君 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036  
李文博 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036  
熊启中 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036  
李虹颖 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 合肥 230001  
李军利 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036  
刘荣 安徽六国化工股份有限公司, 安徽 铜陵 244021  
郜红建 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036  
叶新新 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 xxye@ahau.edu.cn 
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中文摘要:
      为研究稻虾共作生态系统磷素平衡状况和利用效率,通过田间试验,采用投入产出法,设置3个处理:水稻单作(RM)、稻虾共作投食(RC feed 1)、稻虾共作不投食(RC feed 0),分析了稻虾共作种植模式下水稻产量、磷素平衡状况、利用效率、环境风险以及经济效益。研究结果表明: 3种处理水稻产量无显著差异;农田磷平衡均表现为盈余,RC feed 0处理农田磷盈余低于RM和RC feed 1处理;与RM和RC feed 1处理相比较,RC feed 0处理水稻茎叶磷素吸收量显著增加(P<0.05),磷素利用率较高。在种植前期(6—8月),RC feed 0处理较RC feed 1处理显著降低了稻田田面水总磷和溶解磷的浓度;在水稻收获时,3个处理间稻田田面水总磷和溶解磷的浓度无显著差异。与RM处理相比较,RC feed 0和RC feed 1处理净收入分别增加了54.22%和51.11%。在综合考虑水稻产量效应、磷素平衡、磷素环境风险和经济效益的条件下,稻虾共作不投食模式是一种资源利用率较高、环境风险较小、经济效益好的种养模式。
英文摘要:
      Recently, the rice-crayfish system has developed rapidly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. The integrated rice-crayfish system is an emerging complex ecological system for planting and breeding in this region. The study of P balance and P use efficiency in the integrated rice-crayfish system is of great significance to systematically guide P management, optimize the rice-crayfish symbiosis system, and to assess the environmental and economic benefits. In this study, a field experiment was conducted and included three treatments:rice monoculture system(RM), rice-crayfish with feed(RC feed 1), and rice-crayfish without feed(RC feed 0). The rice yield, P balance, P use efficiency, and economic and ecological benefits of the integrated rice-crayfish system were then analyzed. The results showed that there were no significant differences in rice yield across treatments, and the P balance of all three treatments in the farmland system were in surplus. The P surplus in the RC feed 0 treatment was lower than that in the RM and RC feed 1 treatments. The P uptake efficiency and P accumulation in the stems and leaves of rice in the RC feed 0 treatment were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in the RM and RC feed 1 treatments. In the early stage(from June to August), the RC feed 0 treatment significantly reduced the total P(TP) and dissolved P(DP) concentrations in the surface water, compared with the RM and RC feed 1 treatments. There were no significant differences in TP and DP concentrations at the harvest stage. Compared with the RM treatment, RC feed 0 and RC feed 1 treatments increased net revenue by 54.22% and 51.11%, respectively. Considering rice yield, P surplus, and environmental effects, the integrated rice-crayfish system without feed is a suitable alternative for rice crop systems in this area and could be a recommended model for this region due to the high utilization efficiency of resources, low environmental risk, and good economic benefits.
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