文章摘要
吴敏,施柯廷,陈全,梁妮,潘波.有机污染土壤生物修复效果的限制因素及提升措施[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(5):919-932.
有机污染土壤生物修复效果的限制因素及提升措施
Controlling factors and strategies to improve the bioremediation of organically contaminated soil:A review
投稿时间:2021-10-11  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2021-1164
中文关键词: 土壤  有机污染  降解  存在形态  生物修复  限制因素
英文关键词: soil  organic pollution  degradation  speciation  bioremediation  limiting factor
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41977334,42067055,42167055);云南省基础研究计划项目(202001AS070015,202001AU070080)
作者单位E-mail
吴敏 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室, 昆明 650500  
施柯廷 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室, 昆明 650500  
陈全 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室, 昆明 650500  
梁妮 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室, 昆明 650500 liangnikust@163.com 
潘波 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室, 昆明 650500  
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中文摘要:
      土壤中的有机污染物主要来源于有机农药、石油污染、工业生产等,其对生态环境和人体健康造成了极大的危害。受有机物污染的土壤能通过物理、化学、生物等一系列的修复技术进行治理,其中生物修复技术被认为是处理有机污染土壤最有效、经济且环境友好的修复技术,但其修复效率受诸多因素影响。本文从气候地理条件、有机污染物的存在形态和土壤自身环境与营养3个方面系统地分析了生物修复技术的限制因素,并从物种选择、生物有效性提升(引入微生物或土壤动物、添加表面活性剂和有机溶剂)及稳定生态系统的构建(添加生物炭、营养补充剂,采用电强化生物修复技术)3个角度科学地提出了提升生物修复技术效率的方法,最后对加强有机物污染土壤复合修复技术的研究进行了展望。
英文摘要:
      Organic pollutants in soil mainly come from the application of organic pesticides, petroleum pollution, and industrial production, which cause great harm to the environment and human health. Various technologies, such as physical, chemical, and biological methods, can be applied for treating organically contaminated soil. Among these techniques, bioremediation is recognized as the most effective, environmentally friendly, and economical technology for the remediation of organically contaminated soil, but its remediation efficiency is restricted by many factors. This paper systematically discussed the factors controlling bioremediation from three aspects:climate and geographical conditions, the speciation of organic pollutants, and the nutrition conditions in the soil environment. Accordingly, methods to improve the efficiency of bioremediation have been proposed from three aspects:the selection of microorganism species, the bioavailability enhancement of organic pollutants(introducing microorganisms or soil animals and adding surfactants and organic solvents), and the construction of stable ecosystems(addition of biochar, nutritional supplements, and electric and biological composites). This paper proposes methods to improve the efficiency of bioremediation and emphasizes the potential of the combination of different techniques in the remediation of organically contaminated soils.
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