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| A Reduce-Retain-Reuse-Restore Technology for Controlling Rural Non-point Pollution in China: Eco-Retain Technology |
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| KeyWord:non-point pollution; pollutant blocking；eco-retaining; artificial wetland; ecological ditch; T-submerged dam technology; wetland paddy field |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SHI Wei-ming | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences | | XUE Li-hong | Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences | | WANG Jian-guo | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences | | LIU Fu-xing | Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences | | SONG Xiang-fu | Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences | | YANG Lin-zhang | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences；Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
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| Abstract: |
| Rural non-point pollution is characterized with random emission paths, wide-ranging emission areas, and large emission amounts. An eco-retain technology is vital to block pollutants from transporting into water body systems for controlling rural non-point source pollution. This paper reviewed eco-retain technologies currently used in the world. The ecological ditches not only effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorous in water discharged from agricultural fields, but function as ecological landscape without occupying additional land. Artificial wetlands, wetland paddy fields and pre-reservoirs are also able to remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants effectively. However, these ecological approaches occupy large land, which restricts their applications in economically developed areas of China. The interception and purification of pollutants at land-water interface, represented by T-submerged dam, shows relatively high potential to retain rural non-point source pollutants. Other technologies as buffer zones, grass cover, denitrification ditch, and wetland-multistage ponds also have good application prospects. Application of eco-retaining technology for rural non-point pollution control should take into account the ecological, environmental, and landscape functions, in full combination with regional environmental characteristics and social-economic conditions. |
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