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| Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films（DGT） Technique for Evaluation of Cadmium Bioavailability in Heavy Metal Co-polluted Soils |
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| KeyWord:diffusive gradients in thin films（DGT）; chemical extraction methods; cadmium bioavailability; combined pollution; wheat; maize |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | YAO Yu | Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China | | SUN Qin | Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China | | DING Shi-ming | State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | CHEN Jing | Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China | | LIU Hui | College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Diffusive gradients in thin films（DGT） technique has recently been recommended as a tool for predicating heavy metal availability in soils. However, there are still debates on its applicability. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to measure Cd bioavailability under combined pollution of Cd and Pb in soils. The Cd bioavailability was then evaluated by DGT and five chemical extraction methods including soil solution, HAc, EDTA, CaCl2 and NaAc）. Presence of Pb enhanced Cd uptake by shoots and roots of wheat and maize in Pb- and Cd-contaminated soils. Such enhancement of plant Cd uptake increased with increasing Pb concentrations. Correspondingly, bioavailable Cd concentrations measured with DGT（CDGT）, soil solution Cd（CSOL）, and HAc, EDTA, NaAc and CaCl2-extractable Cd all showed similar trends as plant Cd uptake. Pearson correlation analysis showed that significant and positive correlations existed between soil bioavailable Cd estimated by each method and Cd concentrations in two plants, but the correlation coefficients of DGT, CSOL and CaCl2 were greater than those of HAc, EDTA and NaAc. These results suggest that DGT and traditional extraction methods（soil solution and CaCl2）could be used to predict soil Cd bioavailability to plants. |
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