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| Effects of Biochar on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen and Their Fractions in a Rainfed Farmland |
| Received:October 14, 2014 |
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| KeyWord:biochar;organic carbon;total nitrogen;rainfed farmland;reserves;distribution;application rate |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | SHANG Jie | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | GENG Zeng-chao | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | gengzengchao@126.com | | CHEN Xin-xiang | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | ZHAO Jun | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | GENG Rong | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | WANG Sen | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| In recent years, biochar has become an emerging soil amendment, and has multiple agricultural and environmental benefits. Here, a long-term field trial was carried out to investigate the effects of different rates of biochar(0, 20, 40, 60 t·hm-2, and 80 t·hm-2)on soil organic carbon and soil total nitrogen and their fractions. The biochar used in this study was produced from fruit tree branches at pyrolysis temperature of approximately 450 ℃. In 0~10 cm soil layer, total organic carbon(TOC), particulate organic carbon(POC) and easily oxidized organic carbon(EOC) increased with increasing rates of biochar. At 60 t·hm-2 biochar, microbial biomass carbon(MBC), total nitrogen(TN), alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen(AN), NO3--N, and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN) were the greatest, which were significantly increased by 87.22%, 33.33%, 18.76%, 94.79%, and 178.80%, respectively, compared to the control(B0). In 10~20 cm soil layer, TOC, POC, TN and NO3--N increased as biochar rates increased. EOC, MBC, and AN were the highest at 60 t·hm-2 biochar, which were significantly increased by 78.05%, 23.85%, and 31.07%, respectively, over the control. Applying biochar at 40 t·hm-2 led to the highest MBN, a 50.87% higher than the control. In 20~30 cm soil layer, no biochar was directly applied to this layer, but all measurements except NO3--N were significantly higher at 60 t·hm-2 or 80 t·hm-2 biochar than those of the control(B0). Applying biochar increased soil organic carbon reserves and nitrogen reserves in 0~30 cm soil layer by 37.92%~108.31% and 1.05%~14.94%, respectively. Soil nitrogen reserves reached the maximum at biochar rate of 60 t·hm-2. Total organic carbon, EOC, POC, TN, AN, and NO3--N were significantly positively correlated with biochar rates(P<0.01). The results show that biochar at 60 t·hm-2 yields the greatest effects in increasing soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents and improving nutrient supply in the rainfed farmland. |
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