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| Effects of Biochar and Straw Direct Return on Soil Microbial Biomass During Maize Growth Season in North China Plain |
| Received:April 15, 2015 |
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| KeyWord:biochar;straw return;MBC;MBN |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Xing | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture P.R. China, Beijing 100081, China | | | LIU Xing-ren | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture P.R. China, Beijing 100081, China | liuxingren@caas.cn | | ZHANG Qing-wen | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture P.R. China, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHANG Qing-zhong | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture P.R. China, Beijing 100081, China | | | REN Jian-qiang | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Biochar and straw direct return to field can increase soil organic carbon and may thus improve soil microbial biomass. In a long-term experiment in the North China Plain, we studied the effects of biochar and straw direct return to field on soil microbial biomass during maize growth period. This experiment consisted of four treatments(CK, C1, C2, SR) with three replication:CK(NPK fertilizer alone), C1(biochar 4.5 t·hm-2·a-1+NPK fertilizer), C2(biochar 9.0 t·hm-2·a-1+NPK fertilizer) and SR(straw return+NPK fertilizer). Results showed that soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen(MBC, MBN) had similar seasonal variations and they reached the highest at maize jointing stage. Biochar addition and straw return significantly increased the content of soil MBC and MBN. Such effects increased with biochar rates. Compared with CK, soil MBC and MBN in C1, C2 and SR treatments were increased by 105.2%, 146.5%, and 96.4% and 123.9%, 183.6%, and 114.3%, respectively. High amount of biochar was more helpful to increase soil MBC and MBN than straw return was. Soil MBC and MBN was positively correlated with soil temperature, but had no correlation with soil moisture. Soil temperature was one of the main factors affecting soil microbial biomass during maize growth period. Furthermore, biochar significantly reduced the seasonal fluctuation of MBC and MBN, but showed no significant effects on soil MBC/MBN ratio. In summary, applying biochar would be helpful to maintain high and stable microbial biomass of soil. |
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