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| Effects of manure and biogas slurry applications on phosphorus accumulation and mobility in organic vegetable soil under greenhouse |
| Received:March 22, 2016 |
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| KeyWord:manure;biogas slurry;phosphorus accumulation;phosphorus movement;degree of phosphorus saturation;environmental risk |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Min-feng | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | YAN Zheng-juan | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | CHEN Shuo | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | GAO Jie-yun | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | LI Ji-jin | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China | | | XU Jun-xiang | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China | | | CHEN Qing | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | qchen@cau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| Applications of manure and biogas slurry are widespread in organic vegetable production. In this study, a long-term field experiment was conducted in Yanqing, Beijing, to investigate the yields of vegetable crops and the accumulation and mobility of soil phosphorus (P) under applications of different amounts of manure (CM1:30 t·hm-2 manure; CM2:60 t·hm-2 manure; CM3:90 t·hm-2 manure) with the same amount of biogas slurry. Results showed that total P surplus from 2011 to 2014 was 290 kg P·hm-2 in the treatment with biogas slurry only (CK:0 t·hm-2 manure). Both Olsen-P and degree of P saturation (DPS) in 0~30 cm soil depth exceeded the environmental threshold values of P leaching in CK treatment in 2014. Long-term applications of different amounts of manure with the same amount of bio gas slurry significantly increased total P surplus and P accumulation in soil, and the total P surplus in these treatments from 2011 to 2014 was 6~22 times that in CK treatment. Applying 60 t·hm-2 manure per season in CM2 treatment significantly increased soil total P, Olsen-P, CaCl2-P, Mehlich3-P and DPS in 0~60 cm soil depth, and application of 90 t·hm-2 manure per season in CM3 treatment significantly in creased these values in 0~90 cm soil depth, compared with the CK treatment. The soil DPS in 0~30 cm soil depth was close to or reached 100% under applications of high manure with biogas slurry. In organic vegetable production, excessive applications of manure and biogas slurry significantly increased soil P accumulation and leaching risk. Phosphorus leaching reached 90 cm soil depth after continuous 4-year applications of 90 t·hm-2 manure plus biogas slurry per season. Compared with the CK treatment, applying manure with biogas slurry signifi cantly increased vegetable yields. Higher manure applications did not get higher vegetable yields, but significantly increased the risk of P leaching. Considering crop yields and environmental risk caused by soil P accumulation, we recommend the CM1[manure (30 t·hm-2) plus biogas slurry] fertilization strategy for organic greenhouse vegetable production in this region. |
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