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| Land reclamation quality completion standards for large opencast coal mine enterprises in Loess areas |
| Received:March 14, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:loess area;opencast coal mine;land reclamation, quality completion;enterprise standard |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | KOU Xiao-rong | School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China | | | BAI Zhong-ke | School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China | baizk@cugb.edu.cn | | DU Zhen-zhou | School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Lumber Town Government, Shunyi District, Beijing 101314, China | | | ZHANG Geng-jie | School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| On the basis of the requirements of the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, the Land Reclamation Regulations and the Completion Standards on Land Reclamation Quality, the objective of this study was to establish completion standards for the land reclamation quality of coal mine enterprises with the features of regional characteristics and operability. The methods of remote sensing image interpretation and a combination of field monitoring and indoor analysis were used in this study, and we adopted the accumulated experimental, demonstration, monitoring, and evaluation results for the period 1986 to 2016 in the Pingshuo mining area, obtained by the land reclamation team of the China University of Geosciences (Beijing). Land-use changes in the mining area for the years 1986, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2009, and 2013 were analyzed, as were soil environmental quality and fertility indices derived from 18 soil profiles, including those from arable land, forest land, and grassland. Landform reshaping is the basis of reclaimed land quality,whereas soil reconstruction is the core, and vegetation restoration is the guarantee. The basic requirements of land reclamation quality completion are as follows：the geomorphic stability coefficient should not be less than 1.3; the soil erosion modulus should not be greater than 1000 t·km-2·a-1, which is within the permitted range of soil erosion amount in loess areas; the proportion of cultivated land area should be approximately 60%, and forest and grassland should comprise approximately 30%; the elevation should be less than 1500 m; soil contaminant contents should comply with the Green Food Origin Environmental Quality Standards (pH>7.5), namely, an effective soil thickness of arable and grasslands greater than 120 cm and 60 cm, respectively, a bulk density between 1.2 and 1.4 g·cm-3, a pH value between 7.0 and 8.5, and an organic matter content greater than 10.0 g·kg-1; pioneer and adaptable vegetation should be selected to configure different reclamation modes of grass, shrub, and tree; moreover, the tree, shrub, herbaceous, litter, and soil layers should be established to effectively control surface runoff. |
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