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| Acute effects of microcystin-LR on the microstructure of spleen and head kidney and the expression of BAFF and APRIL genes in grass carp |
| Received:May 28, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:microcystin-LR;grass carp;spleen;head kidney;histopathology;BAFF;APRIL |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WEI Li-li | College of animal science and technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China | | | LIU Yi | College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China | | | WANG Zi-rui | College of animal science and technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China | | | RUAN Ji-ming | College of animal science and technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China | | | ZHOU Ying | College of animal science and technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China | | | XIONG Liu-feng | College of animal science and technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China | | | ZHONG Qi-wang | College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China | zhongqw2000@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the immunotoxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in grass carp, an acute toxicity test was used. The grass carp individuals were injected intraperitoneally with different doses of MC-LR, and the histopathologies of their spleens and head kidneys were evaluated after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The results showed that cell vacuolization occurred and the number of melano-macrophages first increased and then decreased, especially in the 75-and 100-μg MC-LR·kg-1 groups at 48 h, and the volume of melano-macrophage center was significantly increased. The sinusoid broadening, lymphocyte disordering, and angiectasis were mainly observed in the head kidney. In the 75-and 100-μg MC-LR·kg-1 groups, the lymphoid tissues were loosely and disorderly arranged, showing the vacuolization and even dissolution of some lymphocytes. Furthermore, a quantitative RT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of the BAFF and APRIL genes in the spleen and head kidney of the grass carp individuals exposed to MC-LR for 96 h. The expressions of both BAFF and APRIL genes were downregulated to different extents. The BAFF gene was significantly inhibited in the spleen of the 75-μg MC-LR·kg-1 group individuals (P<0.05), and it was significantly inhibited in the head kidney of the 75-and 100-μg MC-LR·kg-1 group individuals. Moreover, the APRIL gene was significantly inhibited in the spleen and head kidney of all groups, except for the spleen of the 25-μg MC-LR·kg-1 group individuals (P<0.05). This study suggested that MC-LR could damage the immune organs and inhibit the genes related to B-lymphocyte proliferation in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The above-mentioned histological damage and gene expression changes indicate that MC-LR reduces the immune function of fish. |
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