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| Effects of several modifiers and their combined application on cadmium forms and physicochemical properties of soil |
| Received:February 03, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:polyacrylamide (PAM);cadmium;biochar;lime;bioavailability |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YAN Jia-pu | College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China | | | DING Xiao-dong | College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China | | | CUI Liang | Chengyang Branch, Qingdao Environmental Protection Bureau, Qingdao 266109, China | | | ZHANG Lei | College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China | zhanglei_zhxy@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Lime and biochar application, which are two kinds of amendments, are effective for reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil, and polyacrylamide (PAM) application could improve the soil physical and chemical properties. In this study, amendments of Cd-contaminated soil using these three substances and their mixture treatment were done to investigate the effects on the physical and chemical properties of soil, and the bioavailability and chemical fractions of Cd. The results showed that the application of lime and biochar could promote immobilization of Cd in soil, and that the available Cd content was reduced by 43.69%~57% and 8.42%~11.83%, respectively. The combined effect of lime and biochar application was the most significant, which reduced the soil available Cd contents by 45.38% and 62.22%. However, adding lime had a certain negative effect on the physical and chemical properties of soil; it increased soil pH by 29.05%~50.90%. Although the addition of PAM could not change the chemical fractions of Cd significantly, it increased the content of soil aggregates. The content of available Cd in soils was decreased by 46.13%~62.48% when the three factor combination treatments (PAM+biochar+ lime) were conducted. Furthermore, the weak acid-extractable fractions and reducible fractions of Cd were significantly decreased, whereas the proportions of unavailable Cd were increased. The present results implied that the combination treatment (PAM+lime+biochar) could reduce the bioavailability of Cd in soil without negative impact on soil properties effectively, without negative impacts on soil properties. It would provide a reference value for immobilization and remediation of heavy metals in soil. |
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