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| Distribution and sources of heavy metals in the farmland soil of the Hunchun basin of Jilin Province, China |
| Received:December 15, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:Hunchun basin;heavy metals;enrichment factor;resource |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | GUO Xiao-dong | Shenyang Center, China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110024, China
Environment and Resource College, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China | | SUN Qi-fa | Shenyang Center, China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110024, China | | ZHAO Yong-sheng | Environment and Resource College, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China | | CAI He | Shenyang Center, China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110024, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to understand the characteristics of the pollutants and the sources of heavy metals in the Hunchun basin farmland soil, soil samples were collected and the contents of As, Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Cd were measured. The enrichment factor (EF) was calculated. Multiple statistical analyses including correlation analysis and principal component analysis was executed. The results showed that the mean contents of As, Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Cd were 9.09, 0.06, 20.17, 23.34, 68.25, 65.02, 22.91 mg·kg-1, and 0.12 mg·kg-1 respectively in the Hunchun basin. The values of the mean content were not above the criterion by the China Soil Environmental Quality Standard (GB15618-1995, CSEQS). The contents of all the heavy metals were lower than the limit by CSEQS. The contents of Pb and Zn were lower than the background values of Jilin Province. However, the contents of the other heavy metals exceeded the background values, particularly for Hg. More than 20% of the samples were significantly polluted by Hg, according to the EF, and less than 10% by other elements. The main sources of Hg in the Hunchun basin were artificial activity such as the lighting of coal fires by power stations and loose residents, dusts arising from coal transport, pesticides, and fertilizers. The other heavy metals reach along with the parent material in the whole area. However, in the high enrichment area, the sources of Cu, Zn, and Cd were farming, communications, and transportation; the sources of As were sewage irrigation, pesticides, and fertilizers; the sources of Pb were communication and transportation; the sources of Cr were dusts from the mining, transport, and burning of coal. |
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