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| Effects of simultaneous biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application on the photosynthesis and Cd uptake of sorghum |
| Received:September 12, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:biochar;cadmium;photosynthetic characteristic;interactive effect;sorghum |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | NIE Xin-xing | Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China
Hubei Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Environmental Control, Wuhan 430064, China | | | ZHANG Zi-yong | College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China | | | HUANG Yu-hong | College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China | | | FENG Jing-yun | Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China | | | ZHANG Zhi-yi | Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China
Hubei Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Environmental Control, Wuhan 430064, China | | | YANG Li | Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China
Hubei Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Environmental Control, Wuhan 430064, China | 516416134@qq.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of simultaneous biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application on soil properties and on the photosynthesis and Cd uptake of sorghum, two soils(YB1 and YB2), which possessed different levels of Cd pollution, were treated with either 0, 2%, or 5% biochar (B0, B2, and B5, respectively)and with either 0, 200 mg·kg-1, or 500 mg·kg-1 nitrogen fertilizer(N0, N200, and N500, respectively). The results showed that the highest biochar rate(5%)significantly increased soil pH and organic matter content and significantly reduced CaCl2-Cd content, regardless of soil type. Meanwhile, nitrogen fertilizer application only exerted significant effects on the CaCl 2-Cd content of soil YB1. Nitrogen fertilizer application also significantly affected net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, all of which increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application rate in soil YB1. In addition, the Cd concentration of sorghum shoots was positively correlated with the CaCl2-Cd content of soil YB1, and the lowest Cd content(3.87 mg·kg-1)was observed in the B5N0 treatment, whereas the highest content(6.79 mg·kg-1)was observed in the B0N200 treatment. For soil YB2, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate were significantly affected by biochar application rate. However, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased with increasing biochar rate. Moreover, the Cd concentrations of sorghum shoots grown in soil YB2 were positively correlated with stomatal conductance and transpiration rate and were negatively correlated with aboveground biomass, and the lowest Cd content(3.79 mg·kg-1)was observed in the B2N500 treatment, whereas the highest content(5.32 mg·kg-1)was observed in the B0N0 treatment. Therefore, simultaneous biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application affect the Cd accumulation of sorghum shoots by influencing soil properties, photosynthetic characteristics, and aboveground biomass. However, Cd uptake is also affected by soil type. |
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