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| Characteristics of surface runoff and agricultural non-point source pollution in the core water source area of the Danjiangkou Reservoir |
| Received:March 18, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:agricultural non-point source pollution;surface runoff;loss characteristics;Danjiangkou Reservoir region |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GONG Shi-fei | Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, China | | | DING Wu-han | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | XIAO Neng-wu | Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, China
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China | | | GUO Yuan-ping | Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, China | | | YE Qing-song | Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, China
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China | | | WANG Wei | Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, China | | | LI Hu | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | lihu0728@sina.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Our objectives in this paper were to:analyze the characteristics of surface runoff and water quality pollution in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area; identify the risk variables of basin water quality pollution and explore the temporal and spatial discharge rules of major potential pollutants; estimate the basin pollution load and analyze the contribution of pollutant sources. Based on annual routine monitoring, we analyzed the characteristics of surface runoff and water quality in a typical small watershed by using factor analysis. Average pollutant concentration was used to estimate the non-point source pollution load and the contribution rate of each source type to the main potential factor load. The results showed that there were significant differences in water turbidity, color, and flow between upstream and downstream basin water bodies. There were no significant differences among different monitoring sections in total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), chemical oxygen demand(COD), ammonium(NH4+-N), nitrate(NO3--N), pH, and flow. TN, TP, COD, and flow rate were the main factors affecting the risk of water quality pollution in the reservoir area. With increased rainfall and flow, the agricultural non-point source pollution emission peak occurred between May and September. In the basin, the annual TN loads in the upper, middle, and lower reaches were 4.94, 11.04 t, and 20.43 t, respectively; the annual TP loads were 0.17, 0.50 t, and 0.68 t, respectively; and the annual COD loads were 29.02, 68.78 t, and 118.27 t, respectively. Agricultural production and life had large contributions to TN(accounting for 46%), while largescale farming had a major contribution to TP(accounting for 46%). Both contributed 76% of the COD load. It is concluded that the large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus associated with water and soil loss into the water body was the main reason for the high surface area pollution loads in small watersheds. Strengthening the control and management of agricultural living areas and reducing soil erosion by constructing riparian vegetation buffers significantly reduced the Danjiangkou non-point source pollution. |
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