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| Evaluation of arable land carrying capacity and potential of manure substitute for chemical fertilizer in Shanxi Province, China |
| Received:December 29, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:manure;nutrients;organic fertilizers;animal husbandry;land carrying capacity;Shanxi Province |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GUO Cai-xia | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources, Taiyuan 030031, China | | | YANG Zi-sen | Ecological Animal Husbandry work Station of Shanxi, Taiyuan 030031, China | | | MA Wen-qi | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China | | | JIAO Guang-yue | Ecological Animal Husbandry work Station of Shanxi, Taiyuan 030031, China | | | ZHANG Jian-jie | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources, Taiyuan 030031, China | zhangjianjie@yeah.net |
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| Abstract: |
| In the past decades, the rapid growth of population, economy, urbanization and per capita animal protein consumption in China have stimulated the development of intensive animal husbandry to meet its dietary demand. Intensive animal husbandry has become one of the primary industries adequately ensuring the animal food supply. However, a large amount of animal manure cannot be returned to the field in time, which is an important source of the nitrogen(N)atmospheric deposition and causes the water pollution and eutrophication by means of surface runoff and leaching into water bodies. Shanxi Province is the core region of the farming-pastoral transition zone of China, and its animal husbandry developed rapidly due to advantageous natural and social conditions including rich grazing resources, abundant feed supply, and timely policy support. Here the study reported on a systematic and quantitative analysis on the spatial variability of land environmental carrying capacity of manure, and the potential of manure organic fertilizer substitute for chemical fertilizer in Shanxi Province, China, based on the method of nutrient balance in crop-animal production systems with GIS after collecting and sorting of data from statistical yearbooks and literature. The results demonstrated that there was a certain dislocation in the development scale of the planting industry and animal husbandry in Shanxi Province. Well-developed crop farming was mainly distributed in the 36 counties located in the basins in the South and central areas, and well-developed animal husbandry was mainly distributed in several counties in the North, SouthEast and central parts of the province. The present scale of animal husbandry in Shanxi Province is 2.371 77×107 pigs equivalent; the bearable scale of animal husbandry in Shanxi is 5.976 01×107 pigs equivalent when nitrogen excretion is used as a constraint index and reaches 7.212 27×107 pigs equivalent when phosphorus excretion is used as a constraint index. The analysis on nitrogen and phosphorus bearing capacity index of feces and urine suggested that the less developed areas in the northern part of the province and the surrounding areas of Taiyuan City were mainly the overloaded areas; the effective supply of nitrogen and phosphorus from feces and urine were 1.828×105 t and 3.15×104 t, respectively, which could effectively replace 39.79% and 33.21% of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, respectively. Regardless of nitrogen or phosphorus from feces and urine as the constraint indexes, Shanxi's animal husbandry has large development potentials, which means the scale of livestock and poultry breeding can be moderately increased. However, the environmental emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus from livestock and poultry feces and the point source pollution from the large and medium-sized animal farming enterprises in outskirt counties of cities still need to be noticed. In the management strategy of animal manure and urine nutrient resources, the crop and animal farming distribution need to be optimized, and inter-regional collaborative management should be regarded as the goal. |
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