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| Microbial aging can improve the Cd2+ adsorption performance of wheat straw hydrochar in aqueous solution |
| Received:January 02, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:hydrochar;microbial aging;Cd2+;adsorption mechanism |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | HUA Yun | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | LIU Yang | Institute of Agricultural Information, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | FENG Yan-fang | Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China | | | HE Hua-yong | Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China | | | YANG Bei | Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | YANG Lin-zhang | Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | XUE Li-hong | Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China | njxuelihong@gmail.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Hydrochar has good prospects for agricultural and environmental application. However, modifications are required to improve the Cd2+ adsorption performance of wheat straw hydrochar in aqueous solution. In this study, microbial aging was conducted under anaerobic fermentation conditions to improve the hydrochar derived from wheat straw(WHC). The surface characteristics before and after hydrothermal charcoal microbial treatment were systematically characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), specific surface area and pore analysis(BET), infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). Moreover, the process and mechanisms of Cd2+ adsorption by hydrochar were studied using adsorption experiments. The following results were obtained:The specific surface area of hydrochar increased nearly 5 times as the duration of microbial aging increased. The pH changed from acidic to neutral. The surface negative charges increased after aging. The O/C increased, but H/C decreased as aging progressed. The strength of surface C-C bonds decreased, while the relative intensity of oxygen-containing functional groups increased. The microbial aging process significantly increased the Cd2+ adsorption capacity of hydrochar. The Cd2+ adsorption capacity of microbially aged hydrochar showed positive correlations with the pH and temperature in the system. Chemical adsorption was the major Cd2+ adsorption mechanism of microbially aged hydrochar; it consisted mainly of monolayer homogeneous adsorption, while the complexation of functional groups, surface electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, and π bond coordination also played significant roles in Cd2+ adsorption. This study illustrates that microbial aging can significantly change the pore structure of hydrochars and improve the Cd2+ adsorption performance of wheat straw hydrochar in aqueous solution. |
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