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| Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in livestock farms of different scales in North China |
| Received:April 10, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:antibiotic resistance genes;livestock and poultry industries;organic matter;carbon to nitrogen ratio |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZOU Wei | School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria(Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China | | | JIN Cai-xia | School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China | | | WEI Shan | School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China | | | Ramasamy Rajesh Kumar | Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria(Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China | | | ZHOU Qi-xing | Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria(Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China | zhouqx@nankai.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the contamination profile and influence factors of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)in livestock and poultry industries in Northern China, the animal feces were collected from swine and chicken farms of different sizes in Hebei Province and Tianjin. In the experiment, the ARG abundances and their relationship with organic matter in manures was determined. The results of realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction indicated that the relative abundances of sul and erm in chicken feces were significantly higher than those in swine feces. In contrast, the levels of tet encoding ribosome protection protein (RPP)resistance in swine and chicken feces were similar (4.24×10-3~5.85×10-1), but higher than those of sul (1.07×10-4~2.26×10-1), erm (6.36×10-4~2.62×10-1), and tet encoding efflux pump proteins and enzyme-inhibitor complex resistance (1.24×10-4~5.41×10-2). The relative abundances of ARG in swine feedlots of different sizes were ranked as:middle > large > small, whereas no significant difference in ARG level was found between middle-and small-sized chicken farms (P=0.551). Further, the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant and canonical correspondence analyses revealed that tet encoding RPP resistances (tetM, tetO, and tetW)were significantly correlated with organic carbon (OC)and organic nitrogen (ON)contents (variable important in projection > 1), while the OC/ON ratio was relevant to the prevalence of the sul Ⅰ and sul Ⅱ genes. The above findings indicate that bioavailable organic matter in animal manures may be a key factor in determining ARG pollution in the livestock and poultry industries. |
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