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Toxicity threshold and prediction model for zinc in soil-dwelling springtails in Chinese soils
Received:October 23, 2020  
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KeyWord:Folsomia candida;zinc;soil property;exogenous addition;toxicity prediction model
Author NameAffiliationE-mail
WANG Wei-ran College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China  
LIN Xiang-long State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China  
ZHAO Long State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China  
ZHANG Jia-le School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710000, China  
FAN Wen-hua College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China fwh012@163.com 
HOU Hong State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China houhong@craes.org.cn 
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Abstract:
      To determine the toxicity thresholds for Zn in springtails in Chinese soils and establish a prediction model for Zn toxicity, we examined the effects of exogenous Zn on the survival and reproduction of the model organism Folsomia candida in 20 typical types of soil. The results showed that survival sensitivity to Zn toxicity was considerably lower than reproductive sensitivity. The EC50(half effect concentration) of the reproduction rate deduced based on the total nominal value ranging from 56 mg·kg-1 to 711 mg·kg-1 with a difference of 12.5 times, and the EC50 of the reproduction rate deduced based on CaCl2-extracted Zn ranging from 0.5 mg·kg-1 to 5.2 mg·kg-1 with a difference of 8.7 times, which indicates that the effect of CaCl2-extracted Zn in different soils on the reproduction of F. candida, can provide good predictions of soil toxicity. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that EC50 values based on the total nominal values are significantly correlated with soil pH and free aluminum, with correlation coefficients of 0.819 and 0.470, respectively. With respect to Zn toxicity thresholds for reproduction, we developed a further prediction model of lg(EC50)=0.255pH+0.013w(OM) +0.673 based pH and soil organic matter(OM) using regression analysis, and found that the predicted EC50 value correlated well with the calculated EC50 value. The model developed in this study indicates that soil pH and w(OM) can provide a good prediction of the toxicity threshold of Zn with respect to F. candida reproduction in different soils.