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| Temporal and spatial distribution dynamics of PBDEs in agricultural soil of e-waste recycling area before and after emission control |
| Received:March 04, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:PBDEs;e-waste recycling area;spatial and temporal distribution;multi-media fugacity model;mono-BDE |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Mingcong | School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China | | | YANG Dongsheng | School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China | | | YI Ruhan | School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China | tyiruhan@jnu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, the migration and transformation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) in agricultural soils of typical e-waste dismantling areas after emission intensity was controlled. A total of 74 soil samples were collected in Guiyu and its surrounding areas in August 2017 based on the sampling sites arranged by the same research group in 2010. A total of 55 PBDE concentrations in the soil samples were determined, and Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to identify potential sources of the 55 PBDEs. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of PBDEs in the soil of the research area were studied using a geographic information system(GIS) and compared with the 2010 data sets. In addition, an environmental multi-media fugacity model was used to simulate the migration and transformation dynamics of PBDEs among media, using decabrominated diphenyl ether(Deca-BDE, BDE209) as an example. Results showed that the geometric mean concentrations of Mono to Deca-BDE ranged from 0.08 to 42.27 ng·g-1, compared to the 2010 values(0.03 to 230 ng·g-1), where the maximum value decreased significantly. Source apportionment resulted in the cultivated soil in Guiyu being affected by commercial pentabrominated diphenyl ether and decabrominated diphenyl ether. The degradation process of PBDEs in this area might be a gradual and continuous debromination reaction. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of monobrominated diphenyl ether (mono-BDE) showed that the concentration in the soil within the study area increased from 2010 to 2017, and the pollution spread evenly throughout the study area. On the other hand, the concentration of the other PBDEs was mainly found in Guiyu Town, showing an island distribution that diffused to the surrounding area and exhibited a downward trend. The simulation results of the multi-media fugacity model showed that BDE209 mostly accumulated in soil and sediment;its disappearance pathway was mostly soil degradation. According to the estimation of Mono-BDE reserves, the newly increased reserves in Guiyu area in one year(2020) reached 0.42 t. The study results show that after the emission intensity was controlled, BDE209 and other highly brominated PBDEs in the soil debrominated and degraded into low-brominated PBDEs step by step, and finally converted to mono-BDE (BDE1, BDE2, and BDE3). Previous studies have confirmed that mono-BDE is biologically toxic. However, toxicological research on Mono-BDE in humans is still lacking, and more attention should be paid to it. |
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