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| Characteristics of gaseous nitrogen loss during the storage and application process of different forms of swine manure |
| Received:January 24, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:swine manure;nitrogen use efficiency;ammonia volatilization;nitrous oxide emission;gaseous nitrogen loss |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GENG Yucong | Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHANG Tao | Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | WANG Hongyuan | Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | wanghongyuan@caas.cn | | LI Jungai | Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHAI Limei | Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | YANG Bo | Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | LIU Hongbin | Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The study aimed to better understand the characteristics of gaseous nitrogen loss during short-time storage and application process of different forms of swine manure, and optimize the mode of cleaning and storage. Raw pig slurry(PS), liquid-form(LF), and solid-form components(SF) after solid-liquid separation and dried pig manure(DM) were used as the research objects. The in situ gas gathering method and pot experiment were used, focusing on the manure gaseous nitrogen(N) loss, mainly NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions. Moreover, the yield and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) of lettuce were compared after the application of four forms of pig manure. The results showed that during the process of storage and application, the total gaseous N loss of various forms of pig manure was 12.4%~20.9%, of which PS was the highest and SF the lowest; the gaseous N loss mainly occurred in the storage and air drying process, accounting for 58.6% to 76.3% of the total gaseous N loss. There were significant differences in the forms of gaseous N loss in different forms of pig manure storage and application. The main factor in LF and DM in the storage process was NH3 volatilization, accounting for 71.5% and 49.8% of the gaseous N loss, respectively, while the proportion of NH3 volatilization in PS(38.0%) and SF(31.4%) was relatively low. During the application process, the gaseous N loss of LF was dominated by NH3 volatilization, and the emission coefficient reached 9.7%, while the emission coefficient of other forms of pig manure was only 3.3% to 3.9%. The optimal resource utilization mode is the storage and primary fermentation of solid components after solid-liquid separation of pig manure. The yield of lettuce(33.2 t·hm-2) and NUE of SF treatment were the highest, while LF and PS had inhibitory effects on crop growth under equal N application. The warming potential caused by N2O emission after the application of pig manure was 2.01~4.26 t CO2e·hm-2, which has a high greenhouse effect. In conclusion, dry manure cleaning or solid-liquid separation mode should be selected for swine manure. Ammonia volatilization loss can be reduced in the liquid using different methods such as acidification, while the solid can be used as a farmland resource after simple composting. |
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