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| Effects of fomesafen on plant growth and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere of different species of legumes |
| Received:April 22, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:fomesafen;legume;nodule;nitrogen-fixing bacteria |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Wei | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | LI Jiangye | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | LIU Lizhu | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | TONG Fei | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | DAI Qun | School of Life Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China | | | GAO Yan | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | ygao@jaas.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| Fomesafen is a long-lasting herbicide commonly used in legume fields. To investigate effects of fomesafen on the growth of legume crops and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the plant rhizosphere in different seasons, field experiments were carried out in spring, summer, and autumn. The legumes of spring soybean, kidney bean, summer soybean, mung bean, broad bean, and pea were selected. The characteristics of the roots and shoots of the legumes were analyzed. The patterns of phytotoxicity of different dosages of fomesafen were determined. The effects of fomesafen on root nitrogen-fixing bacteria were analyzed via fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR)of the nitrogenase gene nifH. The response patterns of the six species of legumes to fomesafen were revealed through variance and correlation analysis. Fomesafen had no significant effect on the growth and yield of summer soybeans. The low concentration of fomesafen (225 g·hm-2)did not harm spring soybeans, green beans and peas, while increasing the yields of mung beans and peas by 3.5% to 17.5%. However, the high concentration of fomesafen(450 g·hm-2) significantly reduced the yield of the three crops by 12.2% to 19.6%. Fomesafen was seriously harmful to kidney beans and broad beans, reducing their yield by 23.0% to 61.5%. The recommended application of fomesafen in spring soybean, green bean, and pea fields was 225 g·hm-2. However, the application of fomesafen in summer soybeans field could be raised to 450 g·hm-2. Furthermore, fomesafen was not feasible for kidney beans and broad beans. The yields of legume crops were positively correlated to their root characteristics. At a high concentration, fomesafen significantly reduced the root weights, quantities, and fresh weights exhibited by the nodules of the six species of legume crops. Fomesafen significantly reduced the abundances of the nifH gene in the rhizosphere of the legume crops. The variations in the abundance of crop root nitrogen-fixing bacteria may be responsible for the changes in nodulation. |
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