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| Screening of castor beans with high cadmium and lead enrichment from contaminated soils in a pyrite mining area |
| Received:April 15, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:castor oil plant;soil;cadmium;lead;accumulation and transportation;varieties screening |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | BAO Guangling | Anhui Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Control, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | TAO Ronghao | Anhui Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Control, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | ZHANG Huimin | Anhui Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Control, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | YE Wenling | Anhui Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Control, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | HU Zhaoyun | Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Yi' an District, Tongling City, Anhui Province, Tongling 244000, China | | | ZHOU Cailing | Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Yi' an District, Tongling City, Anhui Province, Tongling 244000, China | | | MA Youhua | Anhui Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Control, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | yhma2020@qq.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Castor(Ricinus communis L.) is a valuable energy crop. Cd and Pb highly enriched castor varieties are suitable for planting on tightly controlled cultivated land in the pyrite mining area. The cultivation of this crop enables the resourceful use of polluted farmland to produce bio-energy. Eighteen castor-oil plant varieties were selected through field experiments to study the biomass and yield of castor-oil plants under the Cd and Pb stress. This was done by measuring the content of Cd and Pb in the soil rhizosphere and determining the difference in the extraction, enrichment and transportation of Cd and Pb in different castor varieties. We also evaluated the effective state of these heavy metals in the soil rhizosphere. The result showed clear differences in the entire plant biomass and fruit yield of different castor varieties. The distribution of Cd and Pb in different tissues of castor in descending order was:root > stem > leaf > husk > grain. Eighteen species of castor were rich in Cd and Pb; the accumulation coefficients of Cd were >1, and the enrichment coefficients of Pb were <1. The Cd transport coefficients for the stems and leaves of the same variety were greater than the Cd transport coefficients for the fruits. Similarly, the Pb transport coefficients for the stems and leaves were higher than that of fruit, with the exception of BM6. The maximum Cd extraction was 42.67 mg·plant-1 and the maximum Pb extraction was 1 482.22 mg·plant-1. The available Cd and Pb content in rhizosphere soil was higher than the background value; the available Cd and Pb contents were 1.25~2.82 mg·kg-1 and 72.20~108.79 mg·kg-1, respectively. Cluster analysis showed that the BM -6, BM-7, BM-11, BM-13, BM-15, and BM-18 varieties had higher Cd and Pb enrichment. The plant biomass and yield, Cd and Pb content, extraction, enrichment and transport coefficients, soil rhizosphere available state, enzymatic activity, and other indicators were used to comprehensively evaluate the best plant varieties. The results showed that BM-2, BM-6, BM-7, BM-15, and BM-18 might be used as highly enriched Cd and Pb castor varieties to be popularized and planted on strictly controlled arable land; among these, the best variety was BM-18. |
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