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| Effects of different nitrogen application measures on NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions in a wolfberry orchard |
| Received:June 18, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:wolfberry;nitrogen application rate;nitrapyrin;NH3 volatilization;N2O emission;yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LU Jiujin | College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China | | | NIE Yifeng | College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China | | | WEI Jiaojiao | College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China | | | SHENG Haiyan | College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China | xnshy26@sina.com | | HUA Mingxiu | College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China | | | XU Micong | College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China | | | WANG Yongliang | Qinghai Nuomuhong Farm, Dulan 816100, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| To clarify the effects of an optimum N application rate combined with nitrification inhibitor addition on NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions from soil in a wolfberry orchard in Qaidam, nine treatments were conducted, i.e., N667, N534, N400, N267, N133, and N0(N: 667, 534, 400, 267, 133 kg·hm-2, and 0 kg·hm-2, respectively)and N400I2.00, N267I1.33, N133I0.67(N400, N267, and N133 treatments combined nitrapyrin with 2.00, 1.33, and 0.67 kg·hm-2, respectively). The venting method and static chamber-gas chromatography were used to evaluate the soil NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions, and the gas content was determined by a continuous flow analyzer and gas chromatograph. The results showed that the NH3 volatilization rate and accumulation NH3 volatilization increased significantly as the N fertilizer rate increased. Nitrapyrin addition had no significant influence on NH3 volatilization. The maximum NH3 volatilization rate of the N667 treatment in 2019 and 2020 was 0.48 kg·hm-2·d-1 and 0.57 kg·hm-2·d-1, respectively, and the NH3 accumulation was 34.49 kg·hm-2 and 35.11 kg·hm-2, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in other treatments. Moreover, there was no significant difference in NH3 volatilization accumulation between the same N application rate treatment and nitrification inhibitor addition treatment in two years. In contrast to the N fertilizer rate used by farmers(N667), N400I2.00, N267I1.33, N133I0.67 treatments significantly decreased the N2O emissions. In comparison to the N2O accumulation of the N667 treatment, that of the N400 treatment decreased by 43.09% and 16.11% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Moreover, compared with that of the N400, N267, N133 treatments, the cumulative N2O emission of the N400I2.00, N267I1.33, N133I0.67 treatments was significantly reduced by 28.52%~41.37%. The wolfberry yield of the N400I2.00 treatment in 2019 and 2020 significantly increased by 9.26% and 6.67%, respectively, and the net income increased by 9.80% and 7.10%, respectively, in contrast to those of the N667 treatment. The results indicate that compared with the N application rate used by farmers, reducing the N application and nitrapyrin addition rates can significantly decrease NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions. The combination of N 400 kg·hm-2 and nitrapyrin 2.00 kg·hm-2 is optimal to achieve a fertile wolfberry orchard in Qaidam. |
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