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| Progress on legacy effects of watershed non-point source phosphorus pollution |
| Received:September 06, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:phosphorus;non-point source pollution;legacy effect;hydrology;biogeochemistry;model |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WU Hao | College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China | | | CHEN Dingjiang | College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China | chendj@zju.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| The legacy effect of non-point source phosphorus（P）pollution is an important cause of the failure to yield the expected water quality improvements after implementing P pollution control measures for a decade to several decades in many watersheds. This review provides a systematic overview of the mechanism, model, and impacts on water quality of legacy effects. Due to excessive anthropogenic P inputs （fertilizer application）, hydrologic and biogeochemical lag effects, substantial amounts of P have accumulated in the soils, sediments, and groundwater over long-term periods in many watersheds. With anthropogenic disturbance and environmental changes, legacy P can be re-released / lost, becoming a long-term pollution source to receiving water bodies. Models are the main method to quantify the legacy effects of watershed non-point source P pollution. Currently, statistical models are major tools, and the ELEMeNT-P model is the only efficient process model developed for legacy effects. The modeled results indicate that watershed legacy P sources contribute to considerable or main proportions of P pollution loads in receiving waters, and such contributions could persist for decades to centuries. Overall, the mechanisms of the watershed non-point source P pollution legacy effect have not been fully clarified, and the available models have difficulty addressing the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the legacy effect. In the future, the mechanisms of P accumulation-release-transport dynamics within the watershed continuum should be fully addressed. Then the hydrological and biogeochemical modules should be incorporated and improved in the available models. The models should be improved to simulate watershed P dynamics at multi-temporal and multi-spatial scales, and be efficiently validated by multiple measures. Based on these efforts, we can accurately quantify watershed legacy P accumulation locations, magnitudes, contributed pollution loads, and their spatiotemporal distributions, guiding the development of efficient watershed P pollution control strategies. |
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